tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-32152951846728715982024-03-13T11:35:09.553-07:00How to write conclusion for research paperMikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.comBlogger192125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-20637138941554345242020-08-25T18:18:00.001-07:002020-08-25T18:18:08.137-07:00World War Two and the Decline of Europe essaysWorld War Two and the Decline of Europe papers Europe will never resemble America. Europe is a result of history. America is a result of reasoning. Margaret Thatcher (1925 - ) In the year nineteen hundred, the focal point of force to be reckoned with inarguably lived in Europe. Truth be told, for a long time, numerous European nations were the heads of immense realms, spreading over the globe (and procuring her spoils)for, albeit spread to unimaginable lengths, European countries held firm control of their frontier regions (and the riches they procured through them), and appreciated an impact over most of the total populace. World War II changed the entirety of that, and would go on to sway the eventual fate of the Western world. What took the countries of Europe hundreds of years to procure through war, success, and settlement, demonstrated to topple exponentially quicker than its ascent, what's more, the end of the Second World War proclaimed the finish of, not just the time of realms, however of the time of European matchless quality on the planet. In truth, before the finish of 1990, only forty after five years, Europe would be basically unrecognizable from its previous self. Genuinely, the Second World War staggeringly affected the framework of incalculable urban areas. From besieged out structures, to mined fields, to crushed scaffolds, streets and crucial frameworks, Europe needed to Socially, the cost of untold human enduring burdened a whole age with its painfor, in contrast to the huge number of American war dead, most of those murdered in Europe were civilianmillions of men, ladies, and childrenlost to the detestations of the holocaust, terrible shelling Monetarily, the effect of the War on Europe was colossal. Before the War, Europe was perhaps the most extravagant mainland on the earth. Behind ... <! Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-67454346129539900982020-08-22T05:23:00.001-07:002020-08-22T05:23:13.941-07:00Girl with green eyes EssayIt barely needs an analysis that a film ââ¬Å"Girl with green eyesâ⬠isn't only a standard dramatization which recounts to an account of despondent love. It would be no misrepresentation to stretch that it is an extraordinary artful culmination of cinematography.â ââ¬Å"Girl with green eyesâ⬠was discharged in 1964 and it was an advancement presented by the debutant executive Desmond Davis. He not just portrayed a story, basic to the 60s, about a country young lady who has a copying desire to vanquish the city, however made a profound dive into the characters of his principle legends. à â â â â â â â â â â à The film depends on Edna Oââ¬â¢Brienââ¬â¢s novella ââ¬Å"The Lonely Girlâ⬠and is a delicate, contacting and clever little dramatization of a forlorn Irish young lady. It is about Kate Brady (featuring Rita Tushingham), a naã ¯ve, unreliable little youngster who lives on the family ranch in Dublin. The young lady needs to escape from this nation community and flee into a major city and transform her. She lives with another young lady Baba Brenan (Lynn Redgrave) who is a ton not quite the same as Kate. Courageous woman has all the earmarks of being a very and held youngster. à â â â â â â â â â â The character of Kate in this film is intricate. In the start of it she is a clumsy country young lady from the catholic family with high ethics. Be that as it may, she has a compelling impulse to enter the advanced world. The 60ââ¬â¢s age is appeared in the film and Kate and her friendâ are attempting to turn into a piece of it, they go out to the jammin clubs and date with young men. Despite the fact that Kate used to be modest back at home now she grows up into someone else. The companions meet a moderately aged essayist Eugene Gaillard (Peter Finch). Kate and Eugene begin going out. For Kate it appears as though her fantasy is going to work out as expected. They begin to live respectively and from the outset Kate values each second they have together. She has confidence in supernatural occurrences and expectations that it is hers. She makes the initial phase in their relationship with Eugene. She welcomes him for tea. Thatââ¬â¢s where everything began from. The scenes where Kate endeavors to draw in Eugeneââ¬â¢s consideration are among the best in this film. It looks adorable when the juvenile young lady, helped by her companion, attempts to get to know a more seasoned man. And afterward their first influenced try of affection making, their satisfaction of a basically fundamental love and afterward the pressures of possessiveness and weariness that this satisfaction brings. à â â â â â â â â â â As chief, Desmond Davis is an extremely gifted proficient. He was particularly acceptable at making the scenes, where Kate is growing up. He shows how her outward appearance, discourse and disposition change. At the point when she showed up in the city her garments were common. With each scene we witness some outside changes just as within changes. Chief splendidly shows the change of her character. Straightforward common innocent young lady develops into a young lady with convoluted sentiments. At the point when she meets Eugene, we certainly know sheââ¬â¢s immature (in positive feeling of this word). Her looks express her devotion, love and delicacy to her, so to state, ace. In any case, later the progressions on Kateââ¬â¢s face are recognizable in each scene, when she converses with Eugene. Her flawless grin shows up less and less. Administrator zooms in her look in each and every tickler. à â â â â â â â â â â Kateââ¬â¢s family discovers by a mysterious letter that she has an unsanctioned romance with a wedded man. Her dad comes to Kateââ¬â¢s work and attempts to convince Kate to get back, she shows genuine solidness of her intensions and will not leave Eugene. That is, where she dislike an immature young lady, yet as a genuine lady. In this scene, she is sure and sure of her deeds, despite the fact that she was conflicting with her fatherââ¬â¢s will and opposing the catholic obligations. We can see how Kate battles within her spirit with every one of these variables and attempts to locate the correct answer. à â â â â â â â â â â After the ââ¬Å"honey moonâ⬠period some grating shows up in Kate and Eugeneââ¬â¢s relationship. The film was shot in the manner, for the crowd to somewhere down in Kateââ¬â¢s contemplations alongside her and it appears as though they are genuine. Everything around freezes, fades away, when she reviews her home. Executive shows harmony around in minutes like this. Yet, there is reality and everything at long last reaches the end when Eugeneââ¬â¢s spouse returns and the couple is compelled to go up against the truth of what is left of their relationship. She leaves him and heads for London. à â â â â â â â â â â This film turned out to be such a triumph chiefly in view of a sly exhibition of Rita Tushingham, the main entertainer. She was so familiar with her outward appearances and everything she might do and signal seemed well and good. It appears that she turned into this unpredictable young lady, loaded with contention, where animosity meets with liberality and childishness with trustworthiness and expectation. This film is brimming with feelings and impressions. Thatââ¬â¢s what makes it so splendid and brilliant, despite the fact that it is a high contrast picture. Sources: Crowthersley, 1964, http://movies2.nytimes.com/mem/motion pictures/survey Desmond Davis, dir., Girl with green eyes, Lopert Pictures, 1964 à Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-236262392811414242020-08-07T13:34:00.001-07:002020-08-07T13:34:02.667-07:00Summer Depression Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, and CopingSummer Depression Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping Depression Types Print An Overview of Summer Depression Summer Depression: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping By Sara Lindberg Sara Lindberg, M.Ed., is a freelance writer focusing on mental health, fitness, nutrition, and parenting. Learn about our editorial policy Sara Lindberg Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 02, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 30, 2020 Verywell / Emily Roberts More in Depression Types Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Childhood Depression Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping View All Back To Top Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is not considered a specific diagnosis in the current DSM-5. It is recognized as a recurrent major depressive disorder within a seasonal pattern specifier, however the term is still commonly applied. This pattern most commonly begins in the fall and continues into the winter months.?? While not as common as fall and winter depression, SAD can also affect people in the late spring into the summer months. Summer depression, which is also referred to as reverse seasonal affective disorder and formally as major depressive disorder (MDD) with a seasonal pattern, is a form of SAD that flares up during the summertime, and typically returns every year at about the same time and resolves at characteristic times. Symptoms Unlike fall and winter SAD -- which typically presents with low energy, pervasive sadness, daytime tiredness, and decreased activity -- individuals who experience SAD in the summer, often present with the opposite symptoms, according to the Mayo Clinic. The symptoms of summer depression are often the opposite of those associated with fall and winter SAD. For most people with summer depression, symptoms begin in late spring or early summer and end in the fall. Some of the more common symptoms include: IrritabilityAgitationAnxietyRestlessnessWeight lossPoor sleeping and sleeping less (insomnia)Decrease in appetite Causes There have been many theories as to why people experience depression during the summer months. However, the research is limited, and most of the studies reference fall and winter SAD. That said, there are some specific theories that many experts refer to when considering the cause of summer depression. Most notable is exposure to too much sunlight in the summer months which leads to changes in the bodyâs internal clock or circadian rhythm. When this happens, your melatonin production is lower, and your sleep-wake cycle is thrown off, resulting in disrupted sleep patterns. Other theories that may explain why some people experience seasonal depression in the summer include: Increase in pollen countsHigh temperaturesLonger daysLack of a routine or structureNegative body imageExtreme heatNot enough sleepFeelings of aloneness While both winter and summer seasonal depression can affect anyone, there are certain groups of people where SAD is more common:?? It occurs four times more often in women than in menThe age of onset is estimated to be between 18 and 30 years oldFamily history of other types of mood disorders Factors That Could Increase Your Risk of Depression Diagnosis To be diagnosed with SAD or summer depression, the National Institute of Mental Health says you must meet the full criteria for major depression coinciding with a specific season, in this case, summer. Since this is a recurring seasonal pattern, symptoms must be present for at least the last two years. The guidelines further state that the symptoms experienced during the summer must be much more frequent than any non-seasonal symptoms of depression. In order to determine if you meet the criteria, practitioners need to ask the right questions to determine if individuals presenting with depression are, in fact, suffering from a seasonal affective disorder. This can only be done by a thorough assessment of the relationship between an individualsâ depressive symptoms, time of year, and history. Since a diagnosis requires the presence of symptoms for a two-year period, itâs important to note that you will not receive this diagnosis the first time you experience symptoms. ?? What You Need to Know About the DSM-5 Updates on Depression Treatment The presence of a seasonal depressive disorder such as summer depression can be debilitating. Like many other mood disorders, there are actions you can take to lessen the severity of the symptoms associated with summer depression. Seek professional help. The use of psychotherapy is highly recommended to treat depressive disorders and would likely benefit any individual suffering from summer depression. More specifically, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) says the use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven to be very effective in treating SAD. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy that looks at the important role of thinking in how we feel and what we do. CBT teaches you new ways of thinking, acting, and reacting to situations that worsen the symptoms of summer depression. Medication Antidepressants are a group of drugs commonly prescribed for treating depression that work by increasing levels of a group of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters (primarily serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) which are involved in regulating mood. The antidepressants approved by the U.S. Food Drug Administration for treating depression include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Also approved are bupropion and mirtazapine, among others. Bupropion, has an FDA indication specifically for the treatment of SAD.?? Most medications take some time before you feel relief from depressive symptoms. Your medical provider may need to adjust dosage or change medications during treatment. Seek Treatment With the 7 Best Online Help Resources for Depression Coping If summer depression is interfering with your daily activities, working with your doctor to develop a treatment plan that involves psychotherapy and/or medication should be the first step. Beyond that, there are lifestyle modifications that may help ease the symptoms and boost your mood. Participate in regular exercise. Taking part in a regular exercise program that includes physical activities you enjoy may help decrease the symptoms of depression.?? Although any degree of exercise can potentially be helpful, to get the most benefits, aim for 30-60 minutes a day, five days a week, of aerobic and strength training exercises.Observe symptom patterns. If the summer months are bothersome year after year, consider keeping track of any patterns or timelines of when symptoms develop. This information may be helpful when seeking a diagnosis. It also allows you to create a plan for managing the symptoms. Practice mindfulness meditation and deep breathing. Deep breathing exercises combined with a daily practice of mindfulness meditation can help you become aware of your thoughts, feelings, and body states without reacting to them or believing them to be true. A Word From Verywell Recognizing the seasonal pattern that comes with summer depression can help you find ways to better manage the symptoms. That said, if youâre concerned about your physical or mental health, you may want to consider making an appointment with your doctor to discuss any questions you may have. Being open and honest about how youâre feeling can help relieve some of the stress you may be experiencing. It also helps your doctor make a proper diagnosis. Working together, you can create a treatment plan that addresses your needs. 8 Ways to Improve Your Mood When Living With Depression Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-55700353639610126882020-05-23T10:59:00.001-07:002020-05-23T10:59:05.173-07:00The Influence of Mass Media on Youth Culture Essay The Influence of Mass Media on Youth Culture 1 . . . Introduction What is the mass media? The dictionary tells us that it is: those means of communication that reach and influence large numbers of people. (Collins Pocket English Dictionary, 1981 edition) To many people, however, it is something much more sinister - a monster that seeks to manipulate and control public opinion. A flotilla of highly entertaining novels and films draw upon the idea of a tyrannical government secretly controlling zombie-like citizens, using the mass media as its weapon. Ironically, these conspiracy novels and films themselves are simply another aspect of the media. But perhaps - especiallyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦However, before I even begin to obtain any evidence I can hazard a guess as to what the outcome of my investigation will be. Having briefly explored in my introduction the power the media already wielded some sixty years ago, I think that it is inconceivable that any age group - be they young or old - are not at all influenced by the mass media today. For me, the real question is to what extent does the mass media influence youth culture. The digital revolution has produced a new form of media that only a few decades ago was unheard of - the Internet - as well as providing hundreds of extra television channels. Therefore, as the media physically reaches more and more people in an increasing variety of guises, so too, inevitably, will its influence over our lives. I believe that the results of my study will reflect this and all my views on the subject. 3 . . . Methodology In order to answer the question Does the mass media influence youth culture? it is necessary for me to conduct a series of surveys concerning the mass media within the culture I am studying, to gather evidence that is vital for me to prove - or indeed disprove - my hypotheses. There are, essentially, three different ways in which I as a sociologist could gather the required information. In this section I will individually look at each of these methods in turn and weigh out their advantages against theirShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Mass Media On Youth And Society1378 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Impact of Mass Media on the Youth and Society Nowadays, the issue of mass media has caused much debate in the modern society, as well as mass media is becoming more important as a component that negatively affects the behavior of young people. There are many other factors, such as micro-environment, economic instability, the decline of moral values affecting children and young people and encourage them to commit unlawful acts. 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This essay will first introduce the subject of juvenile crime and youth violence and indentify similarities Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-13364360698641554772020-05-12T05:31:00.001-07:002020-05-12T05:31:02.528-07:00List of Elements Belonging to the Basic Metals Group There are several element groups on the periodic table of the elements that are considered metals. This is a list of elements that are basic metals. Element 13 - AluminumElement 31 - GalliumElement 49 - IndiumElement 50 - TinElement 81 - ThalliumElement 82 - LeadElement 83 - BismuthElement 113 - Ununtrium - will probably be a basic metal.Element 114 - Flerovium - will probably be a basic metal.Element 115 - Ununpentium - will probably be a basic metal.Element 116 - Livermorium - will probably be a basic metal. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-32721168980566789262020-05-06T11:53:00.001-07:002020-05-06T11:53:41.672-07:00An Overview of Sexual Harassment Free Essays Sexual harassment is one of the biggest problems facing our schools and businesses today. A week rarely goes by without a reminder of the pervasiveness of sexual harassment as a social problem. Sexual harassment is a growing problem in the government agencies, schools, and the corporations of the world; however, many corporations are now adopting new anti-harassment policies. We will write a custom essay sample on An Overview of Sexual Harassment or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Conta) The definition of sexual harassment is any unwanted or inappropriate sexual attention. That includes touching, looks, comments, or gestures. A key part of sexual harassment is that it is one sided and unwanted. There is a great difference between sexual arassment and romance or friendship, since those are mutual feelings of two people. Often sexual harassment makes the victim feel guilty, but it is important for the victim to remember that it is not their fault, the fault lies totally on the person who is the harasser. Many times fear is involved in sexual harassment because it isnââ¬â¢t about physical attraction, itââ¬â¢s about power. In fact, many sexual harassment incidents take place when one person is in a position of power over the other; or when a woman has an untraditional job such as a police officer, factory worker, business executive, or ny other traditionally male job. Typical victims of harassment are young, single, college-educated, members of a minority racial or ethnic group (if male), in a trainee position (or office/ clerical positions if male), or have an immediate supervisor of the opposite Presently, it is hard for courts and others to decide when sexual harassment has taken place because the definition of sexual harassment is much too broad. Clearing up the legal definition of sexual harassment would discourage and punish harassers and bring comfort to the victims. Here are some points to remember in deciding hen sexual harassment takes place: Sexual harassment is one-sided and * It is about power and not attraction. * Subtle sexual behavior is sometimes socially acceptable, but some would consider it offensive and want it stopped. * Moderate sexual behavior is not socially acceptable, reasonable * Severe sexual behavior is never acceptable. (Swisher 28) Sexual harassment is a major problem in public schools, colleges, and universities. Surveys on college campuses show the number of respondents reporting to have been sexually harassed ranging from 40-70 percent. Only two percent of campus harassment ases involve a professor demanding sex in return for a good grade. Most cases involve male and female students. In public schools current sexual harassment definitions are inappropriate, since bad sexual behavior of todayââ¬â¢s children isnââ¬â¢t sexual harassment, but it is a reflection of the vulgar, violent, and the sexually explicit nature of our media and culture. When little six-year-old children get suspended from school for kissing girls on the cheek, it is not an example of sexual harassment but of political Sexual harassment is still a big problem in schools and every school district in Washington now has an antiharassment policy. Junior high or middle school has the biggest problem with sexual harassment mainly because of their immaturity and out-of-control hormonesâ⬠. Says Viki Simmons of the YWCA. ââ¬Å"Many times in high school, students donââ¬â¢t think anything about it when harassment happens, but schools are now cracking down on itâ⬠. Simmons interview) In the business world employers are now on notice that sexual harassment will no longer be tolerated in the workplace. Claims brought against alleged harassers include wrongful termination, invasion of privacy, violation of due process and free speech rights, efamation, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Sexual harassment usually happens to women in low-paying jobs, or women that have to have a job in order to support themselves and children. If sexual harassment happens at work, write down a detailed description of what took place, so that it is well recorded and you donââ¬â¢t have to think back to the incident. You should keep a note pad handy for this purpose, or write it on a napkin to help you * What actually took place and what the offender said Another way to do this is to write a letter to the harasser. Be sure to keep a copy. Tell the person clearly in the letter that his behavior toward you is unwanted. Tell the person that he will be reported if the behavior doesnââ¬â¢t stop (Kolbert). According to the research group Catalyst, recent studies have found that 40 percent to 60 percent of woman say they have been harassed sometime in their Employers have a duty to investigate allegations of sexual harassment, and their employees have a legitimate interest in knowing what activities could result in their termination. Ever clearer definitions of sexual harassment are being implemented by more and more corporations around the country. As this happens, an increasing number of companies are searching for new ways of protecting themselves against allegations, adopting their own anti- harassment policies to combat this growing problem. CEOââ¬â¢s should do a variety of things to stop sexual harassment in the work place. The most important thing is senior management makes it clear to workers that harassment in any form wonââ¬â¢t be tolerated. If top managers donââ¬â¢ take the issues seriously, employees wonââ¬â¢t either. Managers must also understand they are responsible for their Companies need an explicit written policy on sexual arassment that is widely available in the workplace. Most consultants advise companies to do more than just post the policy on bulletin boards. They should distribute it company wide, repeatedly. Copies should be included in new employee orientation packets. Employees should have clear definitions of what sexual harassment is Many companies are now offering employee training sessions on sexual harassment, and many say that follow up training is a good idea. Training programs should include all employees, rather than just managers. The tone should be gender neutral and avoid heavy iscussions on male harassment that might cause some resentment among the male employees. Many times programs arenââ¬â¢t effective because they spend a lot of time just attacking men and not the crime. Companies need a good system to deal with complaints. A clear process for handling complaints shows that a company takes them seriously. Until 1991 it was harder for woman to make allegations of sexual harassment, since woman felt like there was nothing that they could do about it. But the highly publicized hearings of Clarence Thomas and Anita Hill in 1991 changed everything. During the fall of 1991, the subject of sexual harassment rabbed news headlines. Everyone began discussing this issue and emotions ran high. Judge Clarence Thomas was nominated to be a Supreme Court Justice, which is Americaââ¬â¢s highest court, and Supreme Court Justices have their jobs for life. They cannot be fired. Before a person can be made a Justice, he or she must be questioned and Judge Thomas was ounce the head of a U. S. agency called the EEOC. The EEOC makes sure everyone is treated fairly when applying for a job. It also enforces laws against sexual harassment. Anita Hill is a law professor who worked with Judge Thomas at the EEOC many years ago. A few weeks into the Congressional Questioning she came forward and accused Thomas of sexual harassment. She claimed that he used to constantly ask her for dates and spoke to her about pornographic films he had seen. Anita Hill said that she was deeply offended by these remarks but felt that she could not complain. Clarence Thomas was her boss, and she thought that her career could be Anita Hill was a very believable witness. But Judge Thomas denied her charges in the strongest possible terms. Who was telling the truth? The country was divided. But the issue was being discussed everywhere. Women from all across the nation told of their experiences with sexual harassment. And many men admitted being Finally, the senate voted to approve Judge Thomas. But the vote was close. Many senators had doubts about Thomasââ¬â¢s character. Others did not the, Thomasââ¬â¢s career should be destroyed because of one personââ¬â¢s story. They said there was not enough evidence to prove there was wrongdoing. In the end, everyone agreed that sexual harassment is a serious problem everyone must become more sensitive Itââ¬â¢s important to know that men have trouble too. Women are not the only victims of sexual harassment. More and more men are being harassed in the workplace, classrooms, and locker rooms. Whoever is in the position of power tends to be the harasser. Men can be victims of both woman and other men Sexual harassment is very wide spread, but there are ways of avoiding it, such as: Keeping everything strictly on a business level. If working in the same room as the harasser, create a barrier between the two work stations with a desk or file cabinet, etc. Do not ask for personal favors or special treatment from the harasser so that he wonââ¬â¢t feel he is owed anything. Do not talk about anything personal. How to cite An Overview of Sexual Harassment, Essay examples Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-40504999539808936672020-05-01T15:45:00.001-07:002020-05-01T15:45:03.134-07:00Activism and Change for New South Wales Prison in Australia Question: Discuss about theActivism and Change for New South Wales Prison in Australia. Answer: History The proportion of the assaults in overcrowded New South Wales has soared up to 37 percent. Between the 20th and 21st centuries, the imprisonment rate in NSW rose by 20 percent. In 2008, the capital expenditure and net recurrent on the Australian prisons were noted exceeding over $2.6 billion per year (Butler Kariminia, 2010, p. 19). The strategies to reduce imprisonment was not being successful. In the same time, the rate of indigenous imprisonment rose by percentage of 41. More than 27,000 people were held in the prison where it could cost the prison $200 daily to keep that particular person in the prison. Back two decades, Territory governments and the states have come up with alternatives in prisoning the criminals. This assisted in curbing the growth of the numbers in the prisons as well as correctional outlays. It is evidenced that these sprouting alternatives are effective in reducing imprisonment which is quite costly. Contemporary Standing of the Issue. Due to the current developments in Australia, the rate of crime has reduced. The political shift has contributed to escalating rates of imprisonment and introduction of justice in criminal strategy in reliance on crime response (Preen, 2011, p. 66).In the NSW there was the introduction of justice reinvestment. The movement is gaining a lot of traction in Australia. Justice reinvestment is concerned with the advancement of fiscally-sound, the criminal justice and data-driven policies in breaking the recidivism, make the safety of the communities and avert the prison's expenditure (Krieg, 2007, p. 532). The aim of the strategy is to quantify subsequent reinvestments and savings in the high-stakes of the neighborhoods in which majority of the people who are released from the jails and the prisons return. For example; abandoned housing, redeveloping and the better coordinating of services which include; treatment of the mental health, substance abuse, education and job training. In Austr alia, the justice reinvestments strategies have started to gain political traction in the aid of pressure-groups work; for instance, Sydney-based Crime and the Justice Reform Committees (CJRC) which was established by Hal Sperling QC, the retired judge of the Supreme Court in NSW. Eventually, the dominant factors of reducing the rate of property crime appeared to be justice reinvestment, reduction of heroin use, managing the long terms unemployment and the rising of weekly earnings. Ways of reducing the prison population through some stakeholders. Due to the rapidly increasing population in the NSW prisons, the stakeholders came up with some ways to reduce this population growth in the prisons. Some of the ways to reduce Aboriginal incarceration rate include; The community empowerment. Empowering the communities was one of the best ways of reducing the Aboriginal rates(Baldwin Leete, 2012). The empowerment will make the people not to engage in offensive behaviors to meet their needs. Provision of loans to the Aboriginal people made it possible to reduce the crime rates which in turn reduce the populations in the prisons. Leadership and Employment. Aboriginal leadership and Employment are crucial ways for successful reduction of the population in the NSW prisons(Butler Kariminia, 2010). There was a strong Aboriginal women group who held a position on the committees who worked as liaison officers. They dealt with the offenders when the police officers were not around. The youths were trained in horticulture and tourism jobs. These programs assist in reducing the domestic violence rates. Recreational programs. When the population of the young offenders was noticed being high in the prisons, the government introduce some passages of their mentoring program and imaginations which include, sport, IT and music. In NSW, the prisoners were given a chance to go for boxing training 3 times weekly(Krieg, 2007). The trainers were mentoring these young people because they were elder. This changed the attitudes of the offenders and could not engage in crime because they feared being jailed. Healing Programs. The Australian state copied Canadian model known as healing lodges. The lodges are set according to the Aboriginal culture where the Aboriginal staff was the majority(Maplestone, 2006). In the healing lodges, there was a therapeutic treatment which assisted the residents to overcome the driving force to offending. There were also programs for spiritual healing. The spiritual programs assisted the offenders by drawing attention to the Aboriginal ancestors who could bring the connections with the land, culture, and family leading to population reduction in the prisons. National Reform. To achieve the national agenda reform, the government propose some reforms which will move the mere concept of justice reinvestment leading to the measurable and tangible national reforms agenda. For the government to succeed, it established sites for local implementation (Weatherburn Corben, 2009, p. 6). The government has set some goals which would help in creating justice in the NSW. Goal 1. Improvement of all the Australian systems of justice in order to deliver justice needs comprehensively of the Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal people in a very equitable and fair manner. Goal 2. Reduction of Torres Straits Islander and Aboriginal offenders, victims, and defenders in the systems of criminal justice. Goal 3. Making sure that the people feel safe in the places of residence. Goal 4. Safety increment and offending reduction within the indigenous communities through addressing of alcohol and the substance abuse. Corrective Services in NSW The NSW correction systems contain two main components. There are about 13,000 inmates on prison side (Hew Simba, 2013, p. 20). There are around 60 offices on community side and around the estate. The aim was to supervise the offenders in the community serving the court orders from the community services orders to parole. Its main goal is the preservation of the communitys safety through keeping the inmates secure, reducing reoffending and supervision of the communitys offenders. The corrective Services' need is the provision of education to the inmates, vocational training and coming up with programs of addressing the behavior offending (Kilroy, 2016, p. 8). Corrections system has undergone a significant change because there are government investments over extra programs and dozen current prisons in reducing reoffending and raising standards. The ethical and ideological dimensions underpinning each stakeholders position There are complex needs for women prisoners. The women's needs are vulnerable and complex in high population prisons. The complex connections between the economic, social, gathered issues and health are brought to greater focus during the process of looking disadvantaged group, for instance, Aboriginal women (Maplestone, 2006, p. 10). Indigenous women are making a high population percentage in the NWS imprisoned women. Some qualitative studies were conducted to learn the needs and experiences of the indigenous women are involved in the criminal justice systems. It was thought that the indigenous women are overrepresented because of the over policing in the Aboriginal community. Walker, when he was elected as the attorney general he decriminalized begging, public drunkenness, prostitution offenses and vagrancy which raised the legal threshold in obvious public offenses (Osborn, 2013, p. 36). The public offenses include; offensive behavior and language, abolished the imprisonment for the fine default as well as the bail laws reformation. The sentence lengths were reduced by the license release systems. There was the conviction of corruption in the imprisonment in the conjunction of the scheme. Due to lack of transparency in the prisons, the National Reform found it challenging in controlling the criminal offenses in the NSW prisons. Evidence-based recommendations by the Government The Government has set recommendations in advancing the justice issues in the prisons. The government has come up with the establishment of; Rehabilitation centers: It is an essential element of providing safety in the community in delivering an effective response in promoting rehabilitation and reducing reoffending. It has been a key consideration for framing the deliberations of the panel in its reviews of availability of rehabilitation evidence in the current practice. One of the ways to safeguard a community is by imprisoning the offenders. The community as well can be protected by minimizing offensive likelihood after the release. Individual Risk. The protective factors when emphasized can help in reducing the population in the prisons. The individual risk involves one avoiding such experiences which trigger in committing a crime. These factors include; peers, family ties, life experiences and the community environment. Risk factors may include; criminal behavior, family breakdown, living conditions and poor health. The government has emphasized more on meeting the basic needs and self-actualization. Reoffending Pathways. It was realized that by the government that offending it is not criminal and legal justice problem, offending is also a social problem which has effects and social causes (Vienna, 2014, p. 124). There are some social factors that contribute to the likelihood of criminal behavior. International research has shown that there are strong links between social factors, individual and predisposition in reoffending. The government has come up with workshops which help in reorganizing ones behavior and ceasing the injustice ways. References Baldwin, J., Leete, J. (2012). the challenge of an aging prison population. Behind bars, 1, 16-20. Butler, T., Kariminia, A. (2010). Perspectives and epidemiology. Prison violence, 17, 17-20. Hew, R., Simba, T. (2013). Barriers to Parole for Aboriginal and Torres Strait. Prisoners' legal service, 10, 1-26. Kilroy, D. (2016). Women in Prison in Australia. Current Issues in Sentencing, 2, 1-12. Krieg, A. S. (2007). health and social impacts. Aboriginal incarceration, 184, 534-536. Maplestone, P. (2006). Ex-Prisoners, Homelessness and the State in Australia. Prison, 39, 1-14. Osborn, M. (2013). New South Wales, Australia. Oral health status of prison inmates, 40, 34-38. Preen, D. B. (2011). estimating the number of deaths among. Counting the cost:, 195, 64-68. Vienna. (2014). Women and Imprisonment. UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION. Weatherburn, D., Corben, S. (2009). Crime and Justice, 138, 1-12 Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-10024252878036492252020-03-22T00:05:00.001-07:002020-03-22T00:05:03.223-07:00Statistics Coursework Essay ExampleStatistics Coursework Essay I have been asked to examine the students attendance figures from all year groups (7, 8, 9, 10 and 11) at Hamilton Community College. I will be investigating whether the age of the students affects their attendance figures at school and does it affect their learning and exam results as well? To start my research, I was given the attendance figures by the school for all of the year groups for the 2003 2004 academic years. I will then start to process data (attendance figures) firstly by reducing the amount of data that I will have to process using the method of stratified sampling. By using stratified sampling I will then only use a fair amount of data according to the percentage that Im comfortable with. I will only be using 20% of the attendance figures from each year. A scientific calculator is used, to randomly select attendance figures that I am going to use, so that the new set of statistics isnt bias and isnt affected by my conscious decision. Using the new set of data, I will collate the data in frequency tables (to display all of the frequency distributions), in order to enable easy interpretation and analysis. Secondly, after collating the data, I will then display the new set of data in forms of graphs/diagrams and charts so that it will be easier for me to compare and study the figures. From these graphs/diagrams and charts, I will calculate the central tendency for all the year groups (mean, median) and also the dispersion of each year group by calculating the quartiles (upper quartile, lower quartile and interquartile range) which will also ensures that the figures that I am going to process and compare are only the true average (middle 50% of the data). It is vital for me to choose the most appropriate graphs/diagrams or charts to display the datas properties effectively and clearly. Graphs like the normal distribution curves are ever so important in these type of investigation especially because the graph itself summarise so many vital information such as the We will write a custom essay sample on Statistics Coursework specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Statistics Coursework specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Statistics Coursework specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Thirdly, I will then analyse all of the results that I will get from the calculations and evaluate it against my hypothesis. I will analyse all of the data in a more depth by doing standard deviation and Spearmans rank correlation coefficient that will allow me to compare and analyse the data properties using different methods. Finally, I will then come to a conclusion stating whether the age does or does not affect the attendance of the students and their learning at school. Hypothesis Does the age of the students affect their attendance at school? There is a probability that there is a small relationship between the age of the students and their attendance figures at school or there is no relationship at all. However, the students appreciation of the importance of their attendance figures does and this is why (in my opinion) the attendance figures vary between students. Nevertheless, the students that are within their exam years should have a much higher attendance percentage than those who dont. In my opinion, age does not affect the attendance of the students at all. I think the attendance figures of the students at Hamilton totally depends on the students environment and maturity in terms of their understanding of the importance of their attendance figures at school (e.g. for future reference when their career year approaches). However, even though it seems like the Year 11 GCSE students tend to come to school much more often or supposed to attend school everyday than the Year 7s, to me, this doesnt have any relations with age at all. Just because the student is a Year 7 pupil, that doesnt mean that their attendance figures are going to be really low. This also applies for the GCSE students (Year 10s and 11s); just because the student is taking their GCSE it doesnt mean that their attendance is going to be a full 100% (even though it should be like that). A Year 7 pupil could have a 100% attendance figure just like a Year 11 student and it doesnt have to relate to age at a ll. A 6, 10, 12 and even 15-year-old students can still have a stunning 100% attendance figures at school just by having that one important reason of why they have to come to school everyday (and again it might not have anything to do with age at all). So, I do not believe that the age of the students affect the attendance at school. Does attendance affect the students learning and their exam results? There is a relationship between the attendance of the students and their exams results. Students who comes to school often or everyday, to learn, tend to improve and have much better exam results than those who dont. I believe that the attendance of a student does affect their exam results. For students who come to school everyday learns more than the students who dont attend regularly. Therefore, more education equals better exam results. But, there are some students, who do not come to school as often as they should but still get good results (naturally clever as people would say it). This is true and I agree. However, I think these extraordinary students must have another form or way of learning when not at school (the student might be an independent learner for example). But for those who are not an independent learner and still get wonderful exam results, they might concentrate hard in lessons when they are actually in school and absorbs everything that they learn. So, basically overall, I think the attendance of the students does affect their learning and exams results. Plan 1. In order for me to investigate this problem, I was given a secondary type of data of the attendance of all the students in Hamilton Community College in the 2003 2004 academic years from Year 7s to Year 11s. It would be unreasonable and difficult for me to use all of the data given, as it will consume a lot of time during the calculation process. Because of this Ive decided to use the stratified sampling method to handle the vast amount of data. This way, it does not only reduce the amount of time for me to process the data, it also reduces its quantity. The attendance figures of all of the students will be divided according to the year groups they belong to in ascending order (0% 100%). I will then label them from 1 to how many attendance figures there are in the year group (1, 2, 3267). By using a scientific calculator, I will use the RANDOM button to randomly select 20% of the total attendance figures in the particular year. This way, the new set of data will not only be much smaller, but also ensures that I have a fair proportion of responses from each year and it is not bias as it is done without my conscious decision. 2. The new stratified data will then be investigated, compared and analysed with each other to see whether it matches with my hypothesis. Since that the data is a grouped, continuous data, below are the graphs/diagrams and charts that I will be using to display the data clearly: 2.1 Cumulative frequency polygons A cumulative frequency polygon shows the trend of growth of continuous data. It is also useful for estimating how much more or less there is than a certain amount. So, I will be able to estimate the averages much easier using these graphs rather than using tables. By using cumulative frequency polygons, I can also calculate the quartiles of the data, which will not only measure the spread of the data but also display the central 50% of the data (excluding the highest and lowest value interquartile range). This could be shown much evidently by using the box and whiskers diagram. 2.2 Box and whisker diagram The box and whisker diagram will be used to stress the quartiles and also to show its (shape) distribution whether it has a symmetrical distribution, negative skew or positive skew. It also shows the median of the data. Box and whiskers diagram can be easily compared with each other to see which year group have a stronger (higher) percentage of attendance during the academic year. 2.3 Histograms I am going to use histograms instead of bar charts is because the data Im using is a continuous grouped data. Histogram uses the area of the bars to represent the frequencies rather than the heights like normal bar charts. It may have equal or unequal intervals. A histogram with equal intervals is a frequency diagram (only the height of the bars vary), however, a histogram with unequal intervals, the area of each bar is proportional to the frequency of each class and the height of the bars are based on the frequency density. By using histograms, I am then able to see the shape of the distribution, whether it has a symmetrical distribution and positive or negative skew. 2.4 Standard deviation Standard deviation is the square root of a variance. Variance is a measure of spread that uses all of the data. By doing the standard deviation I am then able to see the Normal distribution for each year and also compare them with each other and see much more clearly which year group have a higher attendance figure. 2.5 Spearmans rank correlation coefficient The spearmans rank correlation coefficient is going to be used for the Year 9 attendance and their SATs results to see how they correlate with each other. This will prove whether attendance have an effect on their exam results or people who get good results are just naturally clever. 2.6 Normal distribution Normal distribution is a family of distributions that have the same general shape. They are symmetric with scores more concentrated in the middle than in the tails. Normal distributions are sometimes described as bell shaped. 2.7 Scatter diagrams The relationship between two variables can be shown through scatter diagrams. By using scatter diagrams, I am able to see the correlation clearly and state whether the variables have any sort of relationship together. However, this can be looked at in depth with spearmans rank correlation coefficient. 3. The reason of why I am using ever so many graphs/diagrams and charts is because I believe that you cannot display all of the information you want to display by using a single graph in this investigation. Further more, the more (appropriate) graphs/diagrams and charts I do, the more information Ill receive on the attendance of each year group. Also, I will be able to compare the results in a much better way and give a more specific answer towards the research. 4. Using all of these diagrams I will then compare all of the students attendance for each year. Then I will also analyse all of these graphs and diagrams and actually come to a conclusion that tells me all the information I need (e.g. which year group have the best attendance figures) for this investigation. 5. With this final conclusion I will compare it against my hypothesis and evaluate it to see whether it has any connections towards my hypotheses I worked out earlier. Finally, I will then state whether or not the final statement has anything to do with the hypotheses. Below is the secondary data Ive received of the attendance of the school according to each year. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-79561810133863935242020-03-05T14:29:00.001-08:002020-03-05T14:29:02.824-08:00Scalet Moby essaysScalet Moby essays The two authors Herman Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne share much interest in both their stories. They both have examples of the dark side of human nature and the complexities of human psychology. Also some of the characters in their story get alienated, also some have distortions in their ego. They both have many examples of these in their stories. In Moby Dick, Melville used Captain Ahab to show the dark side of human nature. I (Ahab) will wreak that hate upon him. (Moby) Talk not to me of blasphemy man; Id strike the sun as if it insulted me.(Melville 237) This shows Ahab expressing his dark nature toward the white whale Moby. Now in The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne uses Chillingworth to show the dark side of human nature. I shall see him (Dimmesdale) tremble. I shall feel myself shudder, suddenly and unawares. Sooner or later, he must needs be mine. (The Scarlet Letter, 52) Chillingworth indeed shows his evil by going after Dimmesdale like that. It is almost inhumane to have that kind of hate toward someone. The complexity of human psychology basically means why do people do the things they do. Vengeance on a dumb brute!(Melville, 237) Starbuck, Ahabs second hand man says this toward the captain. He wonders why Ahab goes after something so dumb and unimportant when he can easily be rich by going after the whales that are easy to capture. Hester Prynne is used in The Scarlet Letter to get Hawthornes point across. Resumed the symbol of which we have related so dark a tale. Never afterwards did it not leave her bosom.(The Scarlet Letter, 179) The symbol of which Hawthorne is of course the letter A which Hester wore to show she committed the crime of adultery. In the end of the story she has the chance to not wear the letter any more and start over again. But she keeps wearing it in public showing people of her crime. This is very strange for a human to... Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-8186477763295553272020-02-18T05:56:00.001-08:002020-02-18T05:56:02.242-08:00Tax Havens or Offshore Financial Centre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsTax Havens or Offshore Financial Centre - Essay Example in Europe, Hong Kong and Singapore in Asia, and various Caribbean island nations in the Americas.â⬠(2004: p 2) The study makes a comparative analysis of the tax haven regions with heavy tax zones to project the differences economies examine in respect of laving taxes on the companies and firms. The present study has also been supported by the literature relevant to the topic of the research. The research also contains theoretical framework in its fold that is helpful in elucidating the topic under study. Different economies of the world at large have offered a variety of incentives to the corporations, organisations, and firms so that investment can be made within their economic set up, and economy could observe an imperative boost in the state of perfect competition created all over the globe in the aftermath of globalisation. The UK, USA, the UAE and other countries have established offshore centres for the local, national and multinational firms and brands, where the firms of sound reputation are offered considerable concessions in taxes and tolls, which encourages more and more firms make investment under rules and regulations designed by the governments for the offshore centres. ââ¬Å"According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developmentâ⬠, Almeida submits, ââ¬Å"international tax competition is lowering tax rates and making government expenditure more efficient worldwide.â⬠(2004: p 2) Though tax havens do not exist in China and Germany in their t rue definition, yet there exist several low tax authorities in many countries of the world. These include Italy, the USA, Canada, China, Germany, France, Australia and others. ââ¬Å"About a quarter of US and UK FDIâ⬠, Dharmapala notices, ââ¬Å"is located in tax havens. By way of comparison, tax havens are home to only 0.7 per cent of the worlds population when havens are defined as in DH (2006), or just 0.2 per cent when using the OECD definition.â⬠(2008: p 4) Since low tax rates leave indelible Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-356304801237199112020-02-03T17:16:00.001-08:002020-02-03T17:16:03.087-08:00Review of Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsReview of Accounting Ethics - Essay Example Accounting ethics, which are set by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (Audi, 2009). The ethics are contained in the accounting principles that dictate the way businesses should account for their sales, profits, and costs. The principles are known as the International Financial Reporting standards, and these govern mainly public organizations, which are required to publish their annual statements. In the last decade, there has risen cases of bleach of accounting ethics, and this raised questions among investors concerning the effectiveness of the business environment (Kushniroff, 2011). The cases involved organizations such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom, and Yahoo among others. The rise of these cases triggered the implementation of several regulations in the accounting sector, which include the requirement for accountability and the involvement of the community in dealing with cases that concern bleach of ethics. The accounting environment requires state corporations to reveal their annual statements to the public through the media. The accounting boards require companies also to employ internal and external auditors to verify the annual statements. Business stakeholders such as investors and shareholders are now more aware of business ethics than they were in the last decade. This indicates that the business environment and regulations are conducive for ethical behavior (Kushniroff, 2011). Those who break the rules are individuals who are mainly interested in making personal gains rather than companies. 2. Based on your research, describe the organization, the accounting ethical breach and the impact to the organization related to ethical breach. Tyco is a company that offers fire fighting and prevention equipments to industries such as banking, transportation, health care, and marine in over fifty countries in the globe. Kozlowski, the chief Executive of the Company in 2002, bleached the accounting prin ciples of the firm by assigning himself illegal bonuses worth six hundred million dollars. The executive also used the companyââ¬â¢s finances personally by purchasing expensive jewels and organizing private parties (SEC, 2002). The company suffered the loss of finances that were used by the executive to satisfy his personal needs. Tyco also wasted finances when following up the case against the executive; this money would have been used more efficiently had the case not arisen. The organization also lay off numerous workers. These consequences led to the decline in the companyââ¬â¢s sales and profits that consequently reduced price of the firmââ¬â¢s stock (Kushniroff, 2011). 3. Determine how the organizational ethical issue was detected and how management failed to create an ethical environment. The case against the CEO of Tyco company was brought to light by Robert Morgenthau, a Manhattan District Attorney in 2002 (SEC, 2002). The attorney discovered the fraud while he was investigating cases of tax evasion against Kozolowski. The investigation of tax evasion had been ordered by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which had discovered that Tyco was settling personal taxes for Kozolowski. Robert disclosed the fraudulent statements that he discovered in the companyââ¬â¢s books to the SEC, which then launched further investigations. The management of the company had failed to cover personal expenses with their salaries. The investigation Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-51024306293241205692020-01-26T13:39:00.001-08:002020-01-26T13:39:03.710-08:00Suicide in Northern Canada: A Sociological PerspectiveSuicide in Northern Canada: A Sociological Perspective Suicide in Northern Canada: A Sociological Perspective from Two Contrasting Views Joel Ontiveros I. Introduction A growing suicide problem has plagued an indigenous community in northern Canada. Different indigenous communities have had a spike in suicide and attempted suicide due to many social and economic issues. In this essay, I aim to contrast two sociological perspectives of Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx in relation to how and why the native population in northern Canada is having a suicide crisis. II. Suicide in Northern Canada In the Pimicikamak Cree Nation in northern Canada there have been six deaths from suicide within the first months of 2016. In addition to these there have been one hundred and forty attempted suicides within the same indigenous community. According to the New York Times article, [a] Wave of Indigenous Suicides Leaves Canadian Town Appealing for Help, author Liam Stack claims that this wave of suicides is attributed to a faulty relationship between the Canadian government and the native community. The area residents live in extreme poverty and have an unemployment rate of eighty-five percent. Moreover, the native communities poverty leads to a sense of alienation from the non-native southern Canadians who live a more comfortable life. The community and other native communities in northern Canada receive no government investments and do not have access to employment. In addition, there are no hospitals and mental health institutions for hundreds of miles away from the communities. The community, only [has one] fill-time mental health worker [who] has no medical or psychological training, just a bachelors degree in social work.[1] Stack claims that the lack of government cooperation with the communities and trauma from colonialism is what led up to this epidemic. In retrospect, the natives were forced into an alien culture and were stripped of their ancient culture. III. Solidarity and Anomic Suicide From a historical point of view, Emile Durkheim would argue that the spike in suicides in northern Canada is a result of the historical transformation from a more primitive mechanical society to [a] more organic society.[2] Durkheim claimed that a mechanical society is attached together by the common duty that everybody merely does the same type of things. In a mechanical society, all individuals would have a job to fulfill, such as hunting or gathering. This mechanical solidarity would result in individuals having a place in society and feeling a sense of belonging. It is evident that before the Americas were colonized, the natives lived in a mechanical solidarity system that consisted in every individual having a role. These determined roles focused on the collective and did not emphasize individualism. In contrast, once a society has a larger amount of people with more interaction, what Durkheim termed dynamic density, then that society will convert to an organic solidarity, Addit ionally, a division of labor is a factor in this social paradigm. The society becomes more efficient in production because the division of labor demands that the majority of individuals become specialized at a certain task. He believed that anomie happens in an organic society, which is defined as A sense associated with organic solidarity, of not knowing what one is expected to do; of being adrift in society without any clear and secure moorings.[3] Indeed, the native population in northern Canada has become a victim of organic solidarity. The lack of government resources and jobs leads individuals to feel alienated. These individuals do not have a place in modern society because of the lack of jobs and the improper assimilation that was inhumane in the first place, and did not fully incorporate the natives into the European Canadian society. In Durkheims book Suicide, he argued that people a more likely to kill themselves when they do not know what is expected of them.[4] He created categories of suicide that explain why suicide happens. One of his four types of suicide is termed anomic suicide, which he defined as: People are more likely to kill themselves when they do not know what is expected of them, where regulation is low, and they are largely free to run wild. This mad pursuit is likely to prove unsatisfying and, as a result, a higher percentage of people in such a situation are apt to commit this type of suicide.[5] It is evident that the general suicides in northern Canada can be linked to anomic suicide. The individuals do not have access to jobs or resources and live in a society that constantly promotes individualism. The lack of not knowing what to do with oneself, could lead to many existential dilemmas that repressed societies must confront. IV. Class Conflict In a contrasting sociological view, one could link a spike of suicides in northern Canada to the alienation of individuals from class conflict. Karl Marx argued that under capitalism, individuals become alienated from their family, friends, and coworkers, because of a constant conflict between the workers and capitalists. The workers or proletariat have a subsistent wage that merely lets them survive, the majority of natives living in northern Canada do not even have jobs because of an 85% unemployment rate. The natives could be labeled as the lumpenproletariat, or individuals that are below the workers, who may be constantly unemployed. While the lumpenproletariat is below the workers, they still are affected by the clash between the proletariat and bourgeoisie. The capitalists are constantly seeking ways to take advantage of surplus wages, which causes a conflict between the workers. The exploitation of surplus value leads to less resources for communities such as the northern nati ve Canadians. The lack of resources due to exploitation can be compounded with Durkheims organic solidarity, and anomic suicide to highlight the spike in suicides. Additionally, bourgeoisie dominant ideology dictates what norms/mores are to be assimilated by a community. These assimilations have created a cultural genocide for the indigenous population. V. Conclusion The indigenous of northern Canada have seen a spike in suicide because of anomic suicide and the sense of not belonging or knowing what to do in an organic solidarity paradigm. The rise in suicide can also be linked to the class conflict between the capitalists and the workers. Although, the majority of the natives are unemployed, they still are affected by the dominant ideology which dictates the norms that they were forced to assimilate. [1] Cite article pg 2 [2] Book pg 15 [3] Book pg 20 [4] Pg 22 [5] Pg 22 Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-19124282723046398052020-01-18T10:02:00.001-08:002020-01-18T10:02:03.172-08:00Ive of Collaborative Goal SettingUnit 7 Handout 1: Worksheet Assignment Name: BMA 152 Bookkeeping Fundamentals I Worksheet Assignment Directions: Please complete the following problem: 1. Company A has the following unadjusted trial balance. Write out the following three adjusting journal entries and complete the Company A Worksheet below. Fill out the appropriate account name and transaction description for each chart. For the Debit and Credit columns, determine which data entry is to be Debit or Credit and fill out appropriately. Complete this assignment by the end of Unit Nine, 11:55 p. m. PST. a.Company A counts its supplies at the end of the month and finds that it only has $250 worth of supplies remaining on October 31, 2010. Date Account name & Transaction description Debit Credit b. Company A receives a payment from Customer XYZ on October 31, 2010 for $2,000 for Customer XYZââ¬â¢s outstanding receivable. Date Account name & Transaction description Debit Credit c. Company A received an invoice from the el ectric company covering the month of October for $85 and an invoice related to shipping for $200, but Company A did not pay these invoices by October 31, 2010. DateAccount name & Transaction description Debit Credit Unit 7 Handout 1: Worksheet Assignment Company A Worksheet For Month Ended October 31, 2010 Unadjustedà Trial Balance Debit Cash Adjustments Credit Debit Adjustedà Trialà Balance Credit Debit Credit Incomeà Statement Debit Credit Balanceà Sheet Debit Credit 2,800. 00 350. 00 4,310. 00 Accounts Payable 600. 00 Accrued Liabilities Productà Sales 5,500. 00 Supplies Accounts Receivable Utilitiesà Expense Supplies Expense Shipping Expense 40. 00 Equity (Capital) 1,400. 00 7,500. 00 7,500. 00 Netà Income Total Instructorââ¬â¢sà Feedback: Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-104581974925949762020-01-10T06:25:00.001-08:002020-01-10T06:25:03.381-08:00BUS 237 â⬠Assignment 1: MIS Article Critique EssayBUS 237 ââ¬â Assignment 1: MIS Article Critique Due Date/Time: Check Canvas Assignments for the due date/time for your section! Objective and Background: Many of the concepts you will be learning throughout this course are best understood as well as more interesting if you are aware of current and emerging MIS-related news in academic journals, newspapers, and magazines. This assignment will allow you to share an article of your choice from a reputable source and critique it. Key concepts include: New and current technology; management information systems; innovation; writing business critiques; analyzing media news; and business communication skills. Directions: Find a recent article (within 6 weeks of this assignmentââ¬â¢s deadline) from either: ï⠷ The Economist Harvard Business Review Bloomberg Business Week Wired The Globe and Mail The Financial Times New York Times itbusiness.ca Your choice of article may be generally based on a technological innovation or application of technology (successful or otherwise), or more specifically related to one of the topics we have discussed or will discuss in class (seeà course outline). You must ensure that you reference your article correctly using APA referencing style, as well as to reference any other sources you use. You should provide an electronic copy of your chosen article (PDF format required) with your submission. You are required to prepare a maximum two-page summary report of this article in Microsoft Word, including a critique and/or appraisal of the articleââ¬â¢s content; and clearly point out how it relates to at least one of the concepts from BUS 237 lectures or textbook chapters. A note about your report: You should dedicate no more than one page to summarize the article with the rest reserved for critiquing the article. You will be critiquing the content of the article. Do not critique the writing style or grammar used in the article. Focus your critique on the opinions and facts presented in the article. You should present your opinions supported by external sources such as academic publications or news stories with your critique. Examples of such critique include agreeing/disagreeing with the major takeaways of the article or extending the main points of the article with external research or personal observations. It is acceptable to write the critique using the first-person view. Review carefully and edit your write-up for grammatical and spelling mistakes missed by MS Wordââ¬â¢s auto-correct feature. Page 1 of 3 BUS 237 ââ¬â Assignment 1: MIS Article Critique Submission Instructions: This assignment is to be submitted online, using the Canvas Assignments tool. Attach your completed assignment and required supporting file(s). You will submit a 3 page document including a cover page + 2 page report in MS Word. The document should be written in a business/professional format, well organized and easy to read. Deductions will apply for poor formatting, spelling/grammatical mistakes, and poor organization of ideas. Specifically, you are expected to use MS Word styles, citation/reference manager, and cover page features. Refer to Lab Unit 2 notes for detail. Format Requirements: Please use the following fonts only: Arial, Times New Roman, Tahoma or Calibri. Do NOT use font size smaller than 11 pts. All page margins should be at least 2.5 cm (i.e., 1 inch or 72 pts). Double-space paragraph formatting is required. Only MS Word file format is accepted for the report ââ¬â all other formats (e.g., PDF or MS Works) will NOT be accepted. This is very important to avoid display inconsistencies leading to unnecessary grading penalties. The cover page (this page does not count toward your report page limit) should clearly display the following information: your name, student number, TAââ¬â¢s name, and course/tutorial section number. Submit via Canvas Assignments tool the following two files: 1) MS Word Report consisting of your cover page + 2 pages of report content (3 pages in total) 2) PDF Copy of Article you selected for this assignment (your assignment cannot be graded without article!) Marking Criteria: Assignments are core components of BUS 237. See the assignment grading key on the last page for the evaluation criteria used to grade this assignment. Plagiarism: Students are expected to work independently on this assignment; therefore, a maximum grade of zero (0) will be given to students whose submissions suggest that they collaborated with others on their assignments. This applies to the original author of the work, as well as to those whose submissions resemble it! Late submissions will be penalized at the rate of -10 for 1 day, -50 for 2 days, -90 for 3 days! Missing assignments will result in an N (not complete) grade for this course!!! This automatically becomes a Failed (F) at the end of the semester, if the requirements (i.e., submitting the assignment) are not satisfied. Contact your TA immediately if you are having any problems with the Canvas submission process! Page 2 of 3 BUS 237 ââ¬â Assignment 1: Grading Key Exceeds Expectations (20) Article directly related to ideas inà course, and from reputableà source Meets Expectations (15) Article indirectly related to ideasà in course, and from reputableà source Approaches Expectationsà (10) Article indirectly related toà ideas in course, and not fromà reputable source Fails Expectations (5) Article does not relate to ideas inà course, and/or is not fromà reputable source Structure Organization appropriate,à appropriate length, goodà presentation Organization ok, reasonableà length, reasonable presentation Several problems withà organization, length, orà presentation Inappropriate organization,à length or presentation Contentà & Tone Presents critique and appraisal ofà key ideas; Appropriate toneà established and maintainedà throughout report in a businessà professional style Some problems withà presentation of critique andà appraisal of key ideas; Appropriate tone established butà not maintained consistently Poor effort to critique andà appraise key ideas; Appropriate tone neitherà established nor maintainedà consistently No effort to critique and appraiseà key ideas; Inappropriate toneà used Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-37590375090815187982020-01-02T02:48:00.001-08:002020-01-02T02:48:02.598-08:00History of Calculus Essay - 1186 Words History of Calculus The history of calculus falls into several distinct time periods, most notably the ancient, medieval, and modern periods. The ancient period introduced some of the ideas of integral calculus, but does not seem to have developed these ideas in a rigorous or systematic way. Calculating volumes and areas, the basic function of integral calculus, can be traced back to the Egyptian Moscow papyrus (c. 1800 BC), in which an Egyptian successfully calculated the volume of a pyramidal frustum.[1][2] From the school of Greek mathematics, Eudoxus (c. 408#8722;355 BC) used the method of exhaustion, which prefigures the concept of the limit, to calculate areas and volumes while Archimedes (c. 287#8722;212 BC) developed this ideaâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In Europe, the second half of the 17th century was a time of major innovation. Calculus provided a new opportunity in mathematical physics to solve long-standing problems. Several mathematicians contributed to these breakthroughs, notably John Wallis and Isaac Barrow. James Gregory proved a special case of the second fundamental theorem of calculus in AD 1668. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was originally accused of plagiarism of Sir Isaac Newtons unpublished works, but is now regarded as an independent inventor and contributor towards calculus. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was originally accused of plagiarism of Sir Isaac Newtons unpublished works, but is now regarded as an independent inventor and contributor towards calculus. Leibniz and Newton pulled these ideas together into a coherent whole and they are usually credited with the independent and nearly simultaneous invention of calculus. Newton was the first to apply calculus to general physics and Leibniz developed much of the notation used in calculus today; he often spent days determining appropriate symbols for concepts. The basic insight that both Newton and Leibniz had was the fundamental theorem of calculus. When Newton and Leibniz first published their results, there was greatShow MoreRelatedCalculus As A Part Of Modern Mathematics Education1708 Words à |à 7 PagesCalculus (from Latin calculus, literally small pebble used for counting)[1] is the mathematical study of change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of operations and their application to solving equations. It has two major branches, differential calculus (concerning rates of change and slopes of curves),[2] and integral calculus (concerning accumulation of quantities and the areas under and between curves);[3] these two branches are related to each otherRead MoreDifferences Between Facts And Theories Of Math And History Essay1074 Words à |à 5 PagesDifferences in the Relationship between Facts and Theories: Math and History Theories have been defines as integrated set of concepts formed into propositions that explain different phenomena or events (Schneider 2), while facts as thing that is undisputed as the case or corresponds to the truth (Mellor 110). Both facts and theories are used to generate knowledge that can be applied in verse situations. However, the relationship between facts and theories differs between different areas of knowledgeRead MoreThe Life and Times of Sir Isaac Newton Essay1609 Words à |à 7 Pagesthat Newton took an interest in math and science. 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With the use of infinite products, mathematicians were able to findRead MoreAnalyble Themes In The Calculus Diaries By Jennifer Ouellette978 Words à |à 4 PagesThe author of The Calculus Diaries, Jennifer Ouellette, conveys a story to the reader that calculus isnââ¬â¢t as evil as everyone makes it seem, and to show its uses in everyday life. This happens expertly by using relatable topics such as gambling in Vegas, how to lose weight, and how to survive t he zombie apocalypse. Ouellette makes it a key point that anyone can understand and apply calculus, even those who dread even hearing the term. In addition, since every chapter has a new topic the charactersRead MoreThe Contributions of Isaac Newton Essay1120 Words à |à 5 PagesIt was a period in which there was an epidemic of a genius virus in Europe for scientists, explorers, inventors of many things including mathematics. 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The scientific revolution started at the end of Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-44390067619926909332019-12-24T22:32:00.001-08:002019-12-24T22:32:03.380-08:00The Extent of Fidel Castros Achievement of His Aims... To what extent was Fidel Castro able to achieve his aims between 1959 and 1979, and what prevented him from achieving more? During Fulgencio Batistaââ¬â¢s reign in Cuba, Fidel Castro had insistently professed his dissatisfaction with the government, and when he finally took over in 1959, he effected a government that formed the basis from which the criticism of many historians today derives. To a minimal extent, Fidel Castro was able to achieve his aims between 1959 and 1979. Revealed in the 26th of July Movementââ¬â¢s doctrine, Castroââ¬â¢s goals called for Cuba to become fully independent and purely democratic while having a just society. Castroââ¬â¢s goals were hindered not only by the dependence on the U.S., but also on the Soviet Union afterâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦During these early 1960 years, Cuba quickly lost nearly all economic dependence on the U.S., but any progress toward self-sufficiency was undermined by the developing relationship with the Soviet Uni on. Unlike the U.S., the Soviet Union was not hostile to the idea of an independent Cuba and was willing to defend Cuban interest. In reality, Castro might have professed his devotion to socialism in his Marxist-Leninist speech only for the benefit of siding with the worldââ¬â¢s socialist superpowers for military and economic support. Castroââ¬â¢s favoring paid off because the Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba in 1962; however, this caused U.S.-Soviet tensions to peak when the U.S. made the threat of invading Cuba. Castro also attempted to establish Cubaââ¬â¢s independence by making the change to a Communist state, which began distinguished officially in 1965. Although the changes were small in the early 1960s, it was not until 1976 that Cuba created a new constitution. Another aspect proving Cuban independence was the buildup of a strong military force from foreign intervention and internal opposition. Castro suspected the U.S. of military action because of thei r discontent with his socialist policies. Nearing the end of the first decade of his reign, Castro revealed that Cuba did not meet the 10 million ton harvest, but welcomed the shame and criticism that the failure would bring about. Throughout the years of Castroââ¬â¢s reign, he strived to assert Cuba as anShow MoreRelatedPaper Exam 2 History Ib9416 Words à |à 38 Pagesexaggerated.â⬠With reference to two civil wars, each chosen from a different region, to what extent do you agree with this statement? 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The motives for intervention areRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesArticulating a Vision of Abundance 553 Generating Commitment to the Vision 557 Institutionalizing the Positive Change 562 SKILL ANALYSIS 568 Cases Involving Leading Positive Change 568 Corporate Vision Statements 568 Lee Iacoccaââ¬â¢s Transformation of Chryslerââ¬â1979ââ¬â1984 SKILL PRACTICE 581 Exercises in Leading Positive Change 581 Reflected Best-Self Portrait 581 Positive Organizational Diagnosis Exercise 582 A Positive Change Agenda 583 SKILL APPLICATION 584 Activities for Leading Positive Change 584 SuggestedRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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The fact that the Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-89848933659573716802019-12-16T19:01:00.001-08:002019-12-16T19:01:03.759-08:00Top Upenn Supplement Essay Samples Choices Top Upenn Supplement Essay Samples Choices Bridget's essay is extremely strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. A physician may conduct a health examination to gauge whether or not a patient is healthy. Sit down, consider the story that you want to write. Make certain your essay follows a particular format, consisting of the correct partsA of essay. As a consequence, you prefer doing your essays by yourself. All essays will have a particular topic that's either one you choose or one which is provided for you. A decent descriptive essay comes out of a knowledgeable and imaginative mind. 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You should grab their attention and the best method to do this is by writing in your voice. Unfortunately, it's also when folks experience their very first breakups and it's devastating. This immoral behavior is done with the aim of making different people seem bad. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-44261176744511676502019-12-08T15:44:00.001-08:002019-12-08T15:44:04.393-08:00Australian Competition & Consumer Commission- MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about theAustralian Competition Consumer Commission for Common Law. Answer: Introduction Unconscionability is doctrine that is traditionally founded on common law contract law principles. It is defined by unreasonable terms in a contract that lead to one party having an unfair bargaining power over another party in the agreement. It takes away the essence of justice, fairness and equity in a contract. It is an innate quality of contract law that parties must an equal bargaining power when they are making an agreement. Ideally, a party will be regarded as a perpetrator of unconscionability if they take advantage of another party because of an inherent weakness in the other party. In Australia uncosionability is regarded as unconscionable conduct and it manifest it self in various forms such as unfair contract principle, misleading and deceptive conduct which are encapsulated in Australia consumer law and contract. Conversely, fraudulent misrepresentation, undue influence and duress are common law principles which can also be defined under the umbrella uncosionability. It is important to note that the major principle that must be evinced to prove uncosionability is inequality of bargaining power test which has been applied in many cases and quoted by reputable judges. The cardinal rule under uncosionability is that an agreement that is found to be unconscionable cannot be enforced and the courts set aside such agreement (Priestley, 1986). The rigidity and harshness of common law cannot be expressed in a better was as it was held in L'Estrange v F Graucob Ltd (1934) that a person is presumed to have read and understood all the terms in an agreement even though this may not be the case once the contract has been signed by both parties. The law that prohibits uncosionability therefore came in to mitigate the harshness of common law by offering protection to weak parties in a contract whose right have ben buried under the ground by the other party. The government body that is charged with the mandate to protect consumers form harsh practices of vendors in Australia, who take advantage of other parties, is the Australia the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC). The legislations and principles that explain unconscionable conduct breathe life in Australia legal system so as to protect consumers and parties in a contract. The law also seeks to ensure that products and services that are offered by vendors meet the specification and the required standard of a party in the agreement. Despite the fact that much judicial ink has been spilt on uncosionability principle the leading case in the English common law is Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy (1974) where Lord Denning made the celebrated pronouncement on inequality of bargaining power. He stated that to prove that there was inequality of bargain of contract two elements must be shown to exist ,which include a considerable amount of pressure and that there was no reliance on independent advice. To lord denning, if the to elements were satisfied then the obvious reference would be that there was an unfair advantage and parties in the agreement were not equal form the onset. On the other hand in National Westminster Bank plc v Morgan (1985) lord Denning made a controversial ruling to the effect that manifest disadvantage was not vital element that would be applied to establish inequality of bargaining power in an agreement. To the contrary, at the House of Lords Lord Scarman disagreed with Lord Denning by stating that manif est disadvantage is in fact the cornerstone factor that has to be proved to establish inequality of bargaining power in a contract. Australia followed the foot steps of Lord Scarman and established rule that has not fallen off its pedestal since it was enunciated in the leading case of Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Amadio (1983). In this case the complainant was an Italian immigrant couple in Australia who went to seek services of a bank. The bank manger new that the Italian couple was not able to understand of or speak English but he took advantage of the fact and entered into an agreement with them and later the couple found themselves to be liable for the contract. The ruling of the court created the special disability test and it held that to prove the concept of uncosionability n an agreement it must be proved that one party had a special disability. The court defined special disability as a circumstance suffered by a party where he cannot make a pragmatic decision on their own because of a peculiar incapacity which the party was aware of but took advantage of the disability to make the agreement in his favor. The advanced the special disability test the court in Louth v Diprose (1992) ruled that even though there is a manifest special disability it must be proved before the court that the exploited that weakness. In broad strokes intoxication, especially when voluntary does not fall within the meaning of special disability. However, the court in Blomley v Ryan (1956) held that it may be held as a special disability if it very severe. From the two leading cases in English common law and Australian law a uniform test of inequality of bargain can be established. Ideally, the necessary elements underpinning unequal bargain include, manifest advantage, special disability, reliance on independent advice and exploitation (Goldring et al., 1998). In a similar vein undue pressure inflicted on another party in an agreement can also add within the bracket of the test. In Australia the section 20 of the Australia consumer law (2010) provides that in any trade of transaction one should not engage in unconscionable conduct. The reasoning behind the legislative prohibition of unconscionable conduct is to ensure that there is market fairness and the consumers are treated justly. It may be argued that Section 18 of the Australia Consumer law which prohibits misleading and deceptive conduct is an extension of meaning of unconscionable conduct. It can be stated that an advertisement that is misleading and is deceptive as was the case in Google Inc. v ACCC (2013) is a conduct that is an unfair disadvantage to the party being misled and thereby the conduct is also unconscionable. Under the Australian Law an unfair contract is an agreement which is on the face of it unjust and one which party enjoys an advantage that the other party. The legislation that outlaws unfair contracts is the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 which defines an unfair contract as agreement that contains unreasonable terms that create an imbalance in the contractual rights and duties of parties in an agreement (section12BG ASIC Act). Another legislation that outlaws unfair contract is the Australia Consumer law that gives the court powers to decline to enforce an unfair contract (Australia Consumer Law section 24(1)). The Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 it extended the definition of unfair contract to financial loss that is caused to a small business by other big and complex forms of business. Unfair contracts occur when a party to an agreement includes implausible terms in an agreement that create an inequality of rights and obligation just like a right to terminate the agreement being left to the sole discretion of one party. The courts in Australia have divulged a timorous reluctance to execute unfair contracts that emanate from banking intuitions and other large corporate or business institutions. Chen-Wishart (2010) suggests that the reason that is that most people who engage in a business with the bank do not absolutely understand the technical characteristics of the services sought. The court therefore has assumed the responsibility of shielding consumers from the inequality of bargain that is blatant because the bank managers of staffs ordinary have more technical knowledge about their services that their clients. Chitty (2012) argues that a customer of a financial product from a bank is denied the chance to sufficiently comprehend all the information that relates to the bank charges before he appends his signature. However, the normative rule is that a party to an agreement is presumed to have read and understood all the terms of an agreement and is aware of all his contractual rights and obligatio ns before the signature is appended. The bank is presumed to be transparent and follows the principle of disclosure when it presents the agreement to the customer. Under Australian law the courts reasoning is consequential because it disregards the fact that there has been transparency bank because of the impact of the unfair contract and not its substantive nature. The banks and other institutions have embarked promoting not ordinary transparency between them and the client but they ensure that the customer understands all facets of the financial product they are seeking (Chen-Wishart, 2010). In response the reluctance demonstrated by the courts, banks and other institution have made more internal regulations to avert any obvious unfairness in their contracts. In this study the commentary that was interesting was dealing with unfair contracts and banks. The underlying argument in the commentary is that utmost good faith is immaterial when establishing the unfairness of contracts of banks (Chen-Wishart, 2010). It shocks ones legal conscience that utmost good faith is primary factor at the pre-contractual stage and after the contract is signed and parties have to perform their obligations. The leading authority that was used is Office of Fair Trading v Abbey National Plc. (2009) insisted that the important factor is the signature because once it has been appended the obvious inference that all know the terms of the agreement. This case did not insist on the significance of utmost good faith. Traditionally, the Financial and Consumer Rights Council Inc (FCRC) is known to be a financial counselor but their mandate is capacious and also includes fostering the rights of consumers in Australia. The FCRC is part of the advocates groups in Australia that directs and offers advices to consumers about legal services in legal actions of unfair contract. They also educate consumers about their rights and obligations under a contract and when faced with an unfair contract. An example of case of unconscionable conduct can be explained by the legal case of Louth v Diprose (1992) in which the vendor told the purchaser that if he does not buy their goods he will commit suicide and the purchaser was forced to agree to the transaction. The court made a ruling which declared the vendor to be liable of unconscionable conduct. Conclusion It is a plausible conclusion that Australia has enforced a strong legal mechanism that prohibits unfair contracts and uncosionability in any financial dealing or trade. However, the special disability rule in Australia remains to be benchmark principle with regard to protecting the rights of the consumers. A polite suggestion that can be withdrawn from this essay is that the idea of good faith and transparency should not be given absolute disregard. References Australian Competition Consumer Commission v Radio Rentals Limited - [2005] FCA 1133 Australian Consumer Law (ACL) Schedule 2 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 (ASIC Act) Blomley v Ryan. (1956) 99 CLR 362 Chen-Wishart, M., 2010. Transparency and Fairness in Bank Charges. Law Quarterly Review Chitty, J., 2012. Chitty on contracts: General principles (Vol. 1). Sweet Maxwell. Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Amadio (1983) 151 CLR 447 Goldring, J., Maher, L., McKeough, J. and Pearson, G., 1998. Consumer protection law. Federation Press. Google Inc v ACCC. High Court of Australia [2013] HCA 1 L'Estrange v F Graucob [1934] 2 KB 294 Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy [1974] EWCA 8 Louth v Diprose (1992) HCA 61) National Westminster Bank plc v Morgan [1985] UKHL 2 Office of Fair Trading v Abbey National Plc [2009] UKSC 6 Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-49061453315540094962019-12-01T03:26:00.001-08:002019-12-01T03:26:03.289-08:00The African Lion Essays - Lions, Leopard, Panthera, The Lion King The African Lion The lion is known as king of the jungle because of its huge size and ferocious appearance, the most common type of lion is the African lion. The African lion has the genus species Panthera (panther, leopard) leo (lion). Panthera leo has the common name lion and comes from the felidae family. Panthera leo is in the mammali class and has the order carnivora(Bush Gardens, 1996). Lions live in sub-Saharan Africa in grasslands and semi-arid plains in prides which is a group of lions that live in the same area and share hunting duties(Bush Gardens,1996). Lions are the only truly social cat species, usually a pride consists of two males, seven females, and any amount of cubs. The lionesses are usually sisters or cousins that have all been together since birth. The average mature male stands four feet at the shoulder, weighs in around 450 pounds and is around eight and a half feet long plus his tail. The female on the other hand is considerably smaller and weighs in at a average of three hundred pounds. Lions usually have a light or dark brown plain spotless coat, white coated lions are sometimes found in southern Africa but they are not true albinos (African Savannah). The male lion reaches sexual maturity at the age of five years and the lioness- which is the female lion, reaches its sexual maturity at the age of four. Lionesses in a pride usually enter breeding season together and later give birth at the same time which allows the lionesses to share nursing and other maternal duties. The lioness is pregnant between 98 and 105 days until it gives birth to a average of 3 cubs, unfortunately only one of those cubs will survive the first year of life due to the harsh conditions in their habitats (Bush Gardens, 1996). At birth the cubs are blind and move very slow. The cubs weigh less than five pounds (Wild Animals) and are marked with spots which sometimes stay on their legs and belly until they are fully grown. (African Savannah). When the cubs reach five months of age, they weigh an average of fifty pounds but they still act playful like a kitten. In most cases, when the cub reaches nine months of age, their spots disappear. When the cubs come to the age of a year and a half, the mother teaches them to hunt (Comptons 1993, 1994). The male lions have a brown mane which grows darker and fuller as the lion ages (African Savannah) and at the age of three the mane slowly starts to show up. The average lion in the wild that lives past the age of one lives between 15 and 18 years and reaches its prime or time it is the strongest at the age of eight (African Savannah). Lions eat a variety of different prey and usually hunt at night(Comptons,1993, 1994-African Savannah). They prefer to eat wildebeast more than anything else, unfortunately they can only do so when migration brings the herds through the prides range. When the wildebeast herds are not migrating they eat buffalo, zebra, antelope, giraffe, and warthogs (African Savannah). When prey cant be caught, lions will steal food from other animals-usually from the hyenas. If absolutely no food can be found, lions will have to go to a last resort of eating snakes, termites, peanuts, fruits, and even rotten wood (Wild Animals). Although only one out of four hunting events is successful, dominant males always eat first, lionesses next, and the cubs are forced to fight for scraps and leftovers (Bush Gardens, 1996). Due to the fact the lion is inactive up to twenty-one hours a day and does all their hunting at night, they have to be able to see at night (Bush Gardens, 1996). The size of lions eyes are bigger than humans and lions only need one sixth of the amount of light humans need to be able to see (Garman, 1997). Lions also have many other special characteristics that help them hunt and survive, some are listed below. The adult lions roar can be herd up to five miles away, this can be a warning that there is intruders or it can help guide strayed Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-36305725034906686212019-11-26T11:56:00.001-08:002019-11-26T11:56:05.066-08:00Manage your bossââ¬â¢s emails and phone calls like a proManage your bossââ¬â¢s emails and phone calls like a pro As an assistant, you will often be asked to manage your bossââ¬â¢s correspondence, including emails. This can often be a tricky task, particularly because its hard to know the correct tone to strike. Should you write in your voice? In his or hers? What if your boss just leaves it up to you?Representing someone else is a huge responsibility, but one you can weather with dignity and poise. Here are a few things to keep in mind to make sure you donââ¬â¢t lose the privilege or fumble the ball.Keep it confidential.It should go without saying that whatever you read in your bossââ¬â¢s email isnââ¬â¢t meant to be repeated- to anyone. Donââ¬â¢t discuss personal items you might come across with anyone, least of all your boss (unless he brings something up). And donââ¬â¢t blab about professional developments within your company to your colleagues either- not even to warn them of impending changes.When in doubt, ask.Donââ¬â¢t just accept the email task as yours, silently and resolutely. Ask questions. What is it she wants you to accomplish? Are you authorized to unsubscribe her from unnecessary mailing lists? Are you monitoring so she doesnââ¬â¢t have to weed through everything, or are you actually in charge of triaging, organizing, and (eep) responding. And, if so, how would she like you to do that- as yourself (Sincerely, Your Name, Personal Assistant to Her Name) or as your boss? The more you know going in and the more you two are on the same page, the fewer misunderstandings will crop up.Read them, and take notes.Even if some of this stuff might be over your head, the more you know, the more you can help. Make sure to read carefully and have a sense at any given time of whoââ¬â¢s asking for what and which things need to happen first. Make sure to note impending deadlines, appointments, timely actions, etc., and flag them immediately. Make note of these in your own calendar, as well as in your bossââ¬â¢s. That way you can send reminders.Sta y professional.When discussing the content of these emails with your boss or when responding to them yourself, make sure to act the part. Be every bit as professional and polished as your boss is. Remember, you are acting on his behalf.Come up with a system.If youââ¬â¢re given the leeway, try to come up with a system that will work for both of you. For example, you can file everything non-essential into folders like Junk, Personal, and News. Then everything else is work stuff and you can both focus on that. Come up with a flagging system- using different colors or labels- so you can communicate to each other what needs to be done first. Keep it sensible and simple.Check twice.Make sure to bookend your workday by checking emails first thing and then going through for anything urgent at the end of the day. Making sure you do a thorough check in the morning and the evening means that whatever system you came up with for organizing will keep functioning smoothly, rather than falling apart overnight.Stay cool.Donââ¬â¢t bother your boss with a question every time you arenââ¬â¢t sure what to do with a given email- even at the beginning. Try instead to keep a running list of questions you want to ask and save them for the end of the day. In a few days, youââ¬â¢ll find you have far fewer questions.Donââ¬â¢t forget to do your own work.Donââ¬â¢t let your bossââ¬â¢s emails swallow your whole work day, eclipse your projects, or make you neglect your own inbox. Develop a system that works for you so that you can balance both of your correspondences. This will make the arrangement more stable and sustainable for both of you. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-78369502230063587842019-11-22T19:19:00.001-08:002019-11-22T19:19:03.543-08:00Troubleshooting Problems in Crystal GrowingTroubleshooting Problems in Crystal Growing There may come a time when you will try to grow a crystal without success. Here are some ideas for possible problems and ways to correct them: No Crystal Growth This is usually caused by using a solution that isnt saturated. The cure is to dissolve more solute into the liquid. Stirring and applying heat can help to get solute into solution. Keep adding solute until you start to see some accumulate at the bottom of your container. Let it settle out of solution, then pour or siphon the solution off, being careful not to pick up undissolved solute. If you dont have any more solute to use, you can take some comfort in knowing that the solution will become more concentrated over time, as evaporation removes some of the solvents. You can speed this process by increasing the temperature where your crystals are growing or by increasing air circulation. Remember, your solution should be loosely covered with a cloth or paper to prevent contamination, not sealed. Saturation Problems If you are sure your solution is saturated, try to eliminate these other common reasons for the lack of crystal growth: Too much vibration:à Keep your crystal set up in a quiet, undisturbed location.Contaminant in the solution:à The fix is to re-make your solution. The fix only works if you can avoid contamination (wont work if your starting solute is the problem). Common contaminants include oxides from paper clips or pipe cleaners (if youre using them), detergent residue on the container, dust or something else falling into the container.Inappropriate temperature:à Experiment with temperature; you may need to increase the temperature around your crystals to get them to grow (increases evaporation). For some crystals, you may need to decrease the temperature (which slows the molecules down and gives them a chance to bind together).Solution cooled too quickly or slowly:à Did you heat your solution to saturate it? Should you heat it? Should you cool it? Experiment with this variable. If the temperature changed from the time you made the solution to the present time, the rate of cooling might ma ke a difference. You can increase the rate of cooling by putting the fresh solution in a refrigerator or freezer (faster) or leave it on a warm stove or in an insulated container (slower). If the temperature didnt change, maybe it should (heat the initial solution). Water wasnt pure:à If you used tap water, try re-making the solution using distilled water. If you have access to a chemistry lab, try deionized water that was purified by distillation or reverse osmosis. Remember: water is only as clean as its container! The same rules apply to other solvents.Too much light:à An unlikely problem with home crystals, but for certain materials, the energy from light can inhibit the formation of chemical bonds.No seed crystals:à If you are trying to grow a large single crystal, you will need to get a seed crystal first. For some substances, the seed crystals may form spontaneously on the side of the container. For others, you may need to pour a small amount onto a saucer and let it evaporate to get crystals. Sometimes crystals will grow best on a rough string suspended into the liquid. The composition of the string is important! You are more likely to get crystal growth on cotton or wool string than on nylon or a fluoropolymer.Seed crystals dissol ve when placed in the new container:à This happens when the solution isnt fully saturated. See above for details. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-58966431797251651812019-11-21T02:13:00.001-08:002019-11-21T02:13:06.673-08:00One flew over the cuckoo's nest Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 wordsOne flew over the cuckoo's nest - Movie Review Example Very much calm and controlled, she runs the ward in a tyrannical fashion and with mechanical precision. Without direct threats or accusations, her authoritative manner bullies all the patients into submission. Her own name is a combination of the words "rat" and "wretched" (H.J. Summers and S. Summers, 2003). In spite of what one would expect, Mc Murphy's charisma and energy win the respect and admiration of the patients in the ward. He fits well within the ward's environment and his presence causes some of the patients to show improvement; for example, he involves the Chief in a basketball game, other patients in card games and takes them all on a fishing trip. However, he soon becomes aware of the injustices and mistreatment they are the subject of and starts a personal battle. The incident regarding the use of the television to watch the World Series is a good example of this. One night, McMurphy organizes a party involving the patients, a couple of women and alcohol. During the party, McMurphy notices that Billy likes one of his female friends and he asks her to sleep with him. In the morning, nurse Ratched finds the ward in a mess with the patients sleeping all over the place after passing out from alcohol consumption. When they perform a head count, the nurses find Billy with the woman in his room. Nurse Ratched confronts him and humiliates him once more. The argument causes Billy to commit suicide. At this point, McMurphy physically attacks nurse Ratched and is close to murdering her. The reprisal is terrible: a lobotomy1 that leaves McMurphy severely disabled. When McMurphy is returned to the ward, the Chief realizes that they will not be escaping together now and, as he does not want to leave his friend behind in that state, he suffocates him with a pillow. The closing scene shows how the Chief followed the plan that McMurphy had proposed, throws a hydrotherapy fountain through a window and runs away in the search of freedom. The movie is a fantastic attempt to encourage debate about insanity. Psychology had gone through a very prestigious phase in the USA at the end of the 1950s; but, by the 1960s, this notion had changed radically. Philosophers and sociologists argued that the modern definition of insanity is a cultural invention and a means of control. In this manner, individuals branded as "mad" or "insane" were isolated from society and secluded into asylums, where they no longer posed a threat for society (K. Kesey, 2002). 2. ANALYSIS Randle Patrick McMurphy and Mildred Ratched are the main characters of the movie. In fact, the plot is a series of confrontations between the two characters. McMurphy is a criminal that seeking to "enjoy" his sentence in comfort, feigns lunacy in order to be admitted into a mental asylum. He is a fun-loving individual, a free spirit that challenges authority and resents any form of control. He is intelligent, flamboyant and energetic. Interestingly, he is described by members of the establishment as belligerent, resentful and lazy. In conversation with Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-42831788806975984182019-11-19T10:47:00.001-08:002019-11-19T10:47:02.977-08:00The history of the number zero Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsThe history of the number zero - Research Paper Example For instance, the numbers 2011 and 211 represent two different numbers and have completely different sense. Secondly, zero is used in its form as a number itself i.e. 0. Both the above mentioned uses of zero have been exceedingly important. Yet, the two above described uses of zero cannot report historical evidence of creation of zero. It would not have been so easy for the term and idea behind the invention of the number to be widely accepted and used. The number and term zero has not been spontaneously derived concept. It took a huge period to develop the concept and use of zero as a name and a symbol (O'Connor and Robertson, 2000). Zero as a number, symbol and a concept has been indeed important and is known possibly worldwide for its significant usage. The recognition, apprehension and functioning of zero has been the fundamental of the world now that today, zero fulfils a key role in mathematics as the real numbers, additive identity of the integers, and a lot of other algebraic structures. In addition, the concept of zero can be employed in calculus, accounting, finance, statistics, computers, and particularly in today's connected world. The development of zero from being merely a placeholder to the driver of calculus has crossed centuries, and involved diverse and extensively great cognitive thinking, both in extent and scope globally (Kaplan and Seife, 2002). As a concept, zero indicates ââ¬Ënothingââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ënaughtââ¬â¢. ââ¬Å"How can nothing be something?â⬠is a question that ancient Greeks asked themselves. Records have shown that they seemed to be uncertain about the interpretation of zero as a number. The creation and status of zero has led to philosophical and religious arguments by Middle-ages (Bourbaki, 1998). As a matter of fact, todayââ¬â¢s Arabic number system has originated in India, but is comparatively newly developed. From the beginning, people have been labeling amounts and measures with a variety of figures and sy mbols throughout centuries, while facing difficulties in performing most elementary arithmetic computations with those number systems. A counting system had been first developed by the Sumerians as they wanted to mark and keep the accounts of the quantities of their goods such as cattle, horses, and donkeys. The drawback regarding the Sumerian system was that the system was positional which means that the positioning of a specific symbol as compared to others denoted its value. Around 2500 BC, Akkadians handed down The Sumerian system and in 2000 BC, the same was done by the Babylonians. The evolution of zero seems to have initiated from the Babylonians which has crossed may centuries and was very different from the symbol know to us today. Babylonians were the first to ideate a mark to to make it realized that a number had been missing from a column. For instance, 0 in the number 2011 expresses that there are no hundreds in that number. By that time zero did not have any symbol to denote the space. Although Ancient Greeks have brought many famous mathematicians who learned the basic principles of their mathematics from the Egyptians and they had a number system, but that system lacked a placeholder like the one of Babylonians so they could not suggest a name to indicate that empty space. They might have contemplated the name to denote that place between numbers, but there is no such evidence to draw conclusion that the symbol even Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-16626362482754468042019-11-16T23:18:00.001-08:002019-11-16T23:18:04.767-08:00Infectious Disease and Health Protection Agency Essay Example for Free Infectious Disease and Health Protection Agency Essay The guidance is divided into sections as follows: Section 1Introduces infection control and explains notification; Section 2deals with general infection control procedures; Section 3gives guidance on the management of outbreaks; Section 4describes specific infectious diseases; Section 5contact numbers and sources of information; Section 6contains additional detailed information and a table of diseases; Section 7contains risk assessments relevant to infection control; Section 8 research sources, references and useful web sites Further information is available from the Food Safety Adviser at Leicestershire County Council and from the Health Protection Agency ââ¬â East Midlands South. Contact numbers are listed in Section 5. The aim of this document is to provide simple advice on the actions needed in the majority of situations likely to be encountered in social care settings. It is written in everyday language and presented so that individual subject areas can be easily copied for use as a single sheet. 1. 1 HOW ARE INFECTIONS TRANSMITTED? 1. 2 INFECTION CONTROL GUIDANCE Infection control forms part of our everyday lives, usually in the form of common sense and basic hygiene procedures. Where large numbers of people come in contact with each other, the risk of spreading infection increases. This is particularly so where people are in close contact and share eating and living accommodation. It is important to have guidelines to protect service users, staff and visitors. Adopting these guidelines and standard infection control practices will minimise the spread of infectious diseases to everyone. External Factors If you or someone in your immediate family has a ââ¬Å"Notifiable Diseaseâ⬠such as Measles (see 1. 3) or infection such as Impetigo, diarrhoea, vomiting or Scabies, please inform your line manager before coming to work. If you regularly visit people in hospital please be aware of the potential risk of cross infection to yourself and the person you are visiting. Above all when dealing with service users and their families we must all remember we are dealing with people. There will be personal issues of privacy and sensitivity, which we must handle with tact and discretion at all times. What are Infection Control Practices? Infection control practices are ways that everyone (staff, service users volunteers) can prevent the transmission of infection from one person to another. They are practices which should be routinely adopted, at all times with every individual, on every occasion, regardless of whether or not that person is known to have an infection. 1. 2 INFECTION CONTROL GUIDANCE ââ¬â cont. include: 1. 3 NOTIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES A number of infectious diseases are statutorily notifiable under The Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984 and The Public Health (Infectious Diseases) Regulations 1988. There are three main reasons for such notification. So that control measures can be taken To monitor preventative programmes For surveillance of infectious diseases in order to monitor levels of infectious diseases and to detect outbreaks so that effective control measures can be taken. All doctors diagnosing or suspecting a case of any of the infectious diseases listed overleaf have a legal duty to report it to the Proper Officer of the Local Authority, who is usually the Consultant in Communicable Disease Control based at the Health Protection Agency. Notification should be made at the time of clinical diagnosis and should not be delayed until laboratory confirmation is received. Infections marked (T) should be notified by telephone to the Consultant in Communicable Disease Control (see Section 5) and confirmed by completion of a written notification form. 1. 3 NOTIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES ââ¬â cont. Notifiable Diseases Acute encephalitis Paratyphoid(T) Acute poliomyelitisPlague(T) AnthraxRabies(T) Cholera(T)Relapsing Fever(T) Diphtheria(T)Rubella Dysentry(T)Scarlet Fever Food poisoning orSmall Pox suspected food poisoning LeprosyTetanus LeptospirosisTuberculosis MalariaTyphoid fever(T) MeaslesTyphus fever(T) Meningitis * (T)Viral haemorrhagic fever(T) Meningococcal septicaemia(T)Viral hepatitis ** (without meningitis) MumpsWhooping cough Opthalmia neonatorumYellow fever * meningococcal, pneumococcal, haemophilus influenzae, viral, other specified, unspecified ** Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B Hepatitis C, other (T)Please notify the Consultant in Communicable Disease Control or person on call for the Health Protection Agency by telephone. Other specific diseases are designated by the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 as ââ¬Å"Reportable Occupational Diseasesâ⬠e. g. Legionellosis. Please contact the Health Safety Team for further information (see section 5 for details). 1. 3 NOTIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES ââ¬â cont. Notification of suspected outbreaks An outbreak is defined as two or more cases of a condition related in time and location with suspicion of transmission. Prompt investigation of an outbreak and introduction of control measures depends upon early communication. Suspicion of any association between cases should prompt contact with the Health Protection Agency. 1. 4 IMMUNISATION COSHH requires that if a risk assessment shows there to be a risk of exposure to biological agents for which vaccines exist, then these should be offered if the employee is not already immune. In practice, with Social Care Services, this generally amounts to care staff within the Mental Health and Learning Disabilities Services being offered Hepatitis B vaccination. Care home managers, after assessing risks, may also offer ââ¬Ëflu vaccination to staff and individual cases may indicate the need for immunisation in certain circumstances. The pros and cons of immunisation/non-immunisation should be explained when making the offer of immunisation. The Health Safety at Work Act 1974 requires that employees are not charged for protective measures such as immunisation. A few GPs will make vaccinations available free to Social Care workers but they are not obliged to do so and can charge at their discretion. Departmental funding for the provision of vaccine, through Occupational Health, is restricted and so it is vital that only those to whom it is essential to provide immunisation are offered this service. The majority of staff will have received immunisation from childhood and have received the appropriate booster doses e. g. Tetanus, Rubella, Measles and Polio. However, it is important for the immunisation state of staff to be checked e. g. women of childbearing age should be protected against Rubella. Good practice and common sense should indicate that the immunisation state of staff is checked and appropriate action taken. If there is a potential risk of infection, change of work rotas or areas of responsibility can sometimes avoid the risk of contamination. Vaccination is not always the only course of action and in some cases staff may not agree to be vaccinated. 1. 4. 1 IMMUNISATION SCHEDULE Vaccine Age Notes D/T/P and Hib Polio 1st dose at 2 months 2nd dose at 3 months 3rd dose at 4 months Primary Course Measles / Mumps / Rubella (MMR) 12 ââ¬â 15 months Can be given at any age over 12 months Booster DT and Polio, MMR second dose 3 ââ¬â 5 years Three years after completion of primary course BCG 10 ââ¬â 14 years or infancy Only offered to certain high risk groups after an initial risk assessment Booster Tetanus, Diphtheria and Polio 13 ââ¬â 18 years Children should therefore have received the following vaccines: By 6 months:3 doses of DTP, Hib and Polio By 15 months:Measles / Mumps / Rubella By school entry:4th DT and Polio; second dose of Measles / Mumps / Rubella Between 10 14 years:BCG (certain high risk groups only) Before leaving school:5th Polio and Tetanus Diphtheria (Td) Adults should receive the following vaccines: Women sero-negative Rubella For Rubella: Previously un-immunisedPolio, Tetanus, Diphtheria Individuals: Individuals in high Hepatitis B, Hepatitis A, Influenza risk groups:Pneumonococcal vaccine 1. 5 EXCLUSION FROM WORK The following table gives advice on the minimum period of exclusions from work for staff members suffering from infectious disease (cases) or in contact with a case of infection in their own homes (home contacts). Advice on work exclusions can be sought from CCDC (Consultant in Communicable Disease Control) / HPN (Health Protection Nurse) / CICN (Community Infection Control Nurse) / EHO (Environmental Health Officer) or GP (General Practitioner) Minimum exclusion period Disease Period of Infectivity Case Home contact Chickenpox Infectious for 1-2 days before the onset of symptoms and 6 days after rash appears or until lesions are crusted (if longer) 6 days from onset of rash None. Non-immune pregnant women should seek medical advice Conjunctivitis Until 48 hours after treatment Until discharge stops None Erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek syndrome) 4 days before and until 4 days after the onset of the rash Until clinically well None. Pregnant women should seek medical advice Gastroenteritis (including salmonellosis and shigellosis) As long as organism is present in stools, but mainly while diarrhoea lasts Until clinically well and 48 hours without diarrhoea or vomiting. CCDC or EHO may advise a longer period of exclusion CCDC or EHO will advise on local policy Glandular fever When symptomatic Until clinically well None Giardia lamblia While diarrhoea is present Until 48 hours after first normal stool None Hand, foot and mouth disease As long as active ulcers are present 1 week or until open lesions are healed None Hepatitis A The incubation period is 15-50 days, average 28-30 days. Maximum infectivity occurs during the latter half of the incubation period and continues until 7 days after jaundice appears 1 week after onset of jaundice None ââ¬â immunisation may be advised (through GP) HIV/AIDS For life None None 1. 5 EXCLUSION FROM WORK ââ¬â cont. Minimum exclusion period Disease Period of infectivity Case Home contact Measles Up to 4 days before and until 4 days after the rash appears 4 days from the onset of the rash None Meningitis Varies with organism Until clinical recovery None Mumps Greatest infectivity from 2 days before the onset of symptoms to 4 days after symptoms appear 4 days from the onset of the rash None Rubella (German measles) 1 week before and until 5 days after the onset of the rash 4 days from the onset of the rash None Streptococcal sore throat and Scarlet fever As long as the organism is present in the throat, usually up to 48 hours after antibiotic is started Until clinically improved (usually 48 hours after antibiotic is started) None Shingles Until after the last of the lesions are dry Until all lesions are dry ââ¬â minimum 6 days from the onset of the rash None Tuberculosis Depends on part infected. Patients with open TB usually become non-infectious after 2 weeks of treatment In the case of open TB, until cleared by TB clinic. No exclusion necessary in other situations Will require medical follow-up Threadworm As long as eggs present on perianal skin None but requires treatment Treatment is necessary Typhoid fever As long as case harbours the organism Seek advice from CCDC Seek advice from CCDC Whooping cough 1 week before and until 3 weeks after onset of cough (or 5 days after the start of antibiotic treatment) Until clinically well, but check with CCDC None 1. 5 EXCLUSION FROM WORK ââ¬â cont. SKIN CONDITIONS Minimum exclusion period Disease Period of infectivity Case Home contact Impetigo As long as purulent lesions are present Until skin has healed or 48 hours after treatment started None. Avoid sharing towels Head lice As long as lice or live eggs are present Exclude until treated Exclude until treated Ringworm 1. Tinea capitis (head) 2. Tinea corporis (body) 3. Tinea pedis (athleteââ¬â¢s foot) As long as active lesions are present As long as active lesions are present As long as active lesions are present Exclusion not always necessary until an epidemic is suspected None None None None None Scabies Until mites and eggs have been destroyed Until day after treatment is given None (GP should treat family) Verrucae (plantar warts) As long as wart is present None (warts should be covered with waterproof dressing for swimming and barefoot activities) None Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3215295184672871598.post-88754228489195460922019-11-14T11:49:00.001-08:002019-11-14T11:49:03.156-08:00A Technophobic Confession :: Personal Narrative Computers PapersA Technophobic Confession I am a technophobe. There, I admitted it. The Unabomber, George Orwell, my hardheaded grandfather and I are all members of the same fraternity. I am in the closet no longer. Just because I don't blow up buildings doesn't mean I'm not afraid of the unrelenting onslaught of technology. I went to high school in a small town in rural Illinois, and until the age of sixteen, I was able to survive without touching a computer. In fact, the only one I remember seeing on a regular basis was the one in the corner of the public library. Up until my junior year in high school, that computer was just about the loneliest thing in the world. Most of the people in town used a computer for one of two things: word processing or playing video games, and anybody who really had any desire to do either of these owned a computer or had access to one at work. The librarian's daughter used to set books on top of that computer when she was sorting them out to be reshelved. I always thought of the computer as just that, an overglorified bookrack. I laughed to see a tall, precariously balanced pile of books on top of the monitor, which was all but hidden by its dust cover body bag. I laughed because I am a technophobe, and to see it being used in this manner reassured me that computers were, quite obviously, a waste of time and money. Then the e-mail epidemic began cropping up in cities across the nation, and it spread quickly. Like all innovations, it eventually made its way to the Middle West. The outbreak in my hometown started where I least expected it: in that eternally slumbering computer sitting underneath the stack of book returns. It happened overnight. The computer was wired to the Internet. The small weekly local paper pushed the Knights of Columbus hall off the front page to run a story about the Information Superhighway. Clouds brooded on the horizon and little children tossed uneasily in their sleep. I was good friends with the librarianââ¬â¢s daughter. We went to the same high school. She was in my circle of friends. We were juniors. She was the first to get an email address. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16501695489152827650noreply@blogger.com0