World War Two and the Decline of Europe essays

World War Two and the Decline of Europe papers Europe will never resemble America. Europe is a result of history. America is a result of reasoning. Margaret Thatcher (1925 - ) In the year nineteen hundred, the focal point of force to be reckoned with inarguably lived in Europe. Truth be told, for a long time, numerous European nations were the heads of immense realms, spreading over the globe (and procuring her spoils)for, albeit spread to unimaginable lengths, European countries held firm control of their frontier regions (and the riches they procured through them), and appreciated an impact over most of the total populace. World War II changed the entirety of that, and would go on to sway the eventual fate of the Western world. What took the countries of Europe hundreds of years to procure through war, success, and settlement, demonstrated to topple exponentially quicker than its ascent, what's more, the end of the Second World War proclaimed the finish of, not just the time of realms, however of the time of European matchless quality on the planet. In truth, before the finish of 1990, only forty after five years, Europe would be basically unrecognizable from its previous self. Genuinely, the Second World War staggeringly affected the framework of incalculable urban areas. From besieged out structures, to mined fields, to crushed scaffolds, streets and crucial frameworks, Europe needed to Socially, the cost of untold human enduring burdened a whole age with its painfor, in contrast to the huge number of American war dead, most of those murdered in Europe were civilianmillions of men, ladies, and childrenlost to the detestations of the holocaust, terrible shelling Monetarily, the effect of the War on Europe was colossal. Before the War, Europe was perhaps the most extravagant mainland on the earth. Behind ... <!

Girl with green eyes Essay

It barely needs an analysis that a film â€Å"Girl with green eyes† isn't only a standard dramatization which recounts to an account of despondent love. It would be no misrepresentation to stretch that it is an extraordinary artful culmination of cinematography.â â€Å"Girl with green eyes† was discharged in 1964 and it was an advancement presented by the debutant executive Desmond Davis. He not just portrayed a story, basic to the 60s, about a country young lady who has a copying desire to vanquish the city, however made a profound dive into the characters of his principle legends.  â â â â â â â â â â  The film depends on Edna O’Brien’s novella â€Å"The Lonely Girl† and is a delicate, contacting and clever little dramatization of a forlorn Irish young lady. It is about Kate Brady (featuring Rita Tushingham), a naã ¯ve, unreliable little youngster who lives on the family ranch in Dublin. The young lady needs to escape from this nation community and flee into a major city and transform her. She lives with another young lady Baba Brenan (Lynn Redgrave) who is a ton not quite the same as Kate. Courageous woman has all the earmarks of being a very and held youngster.  â â â â â â â â â â The character of Kate in this film is intricate. In the start of it she is a clumsy country young lady from the catholic family with high ethics. Be that as it may, she has a compelling impulse to enter the advanced world. The 60’s age is appeared in the film and Kate and her friendâ are attempting to turn into a piece of it, they go out to the jammin clubs and date with young men. Despite the fact that Kate used to be modest back at home now she grows up into someone else. The companions meet a moderately aged essayist Eugene Gaillard (Peter Finch). Kate and Eugene begin going out. For Kate it appears as though her fantasy is going to work out as expected. They begin to live respectively and from the outset Kate values each second they have together. She has confidence in supernatural occurrences and expectations that it is hers. She makes the initial phase in their relationship with Eugene. She welcomes him for tea. That’s where everything began from. The scenes where Kate endeavors to draw in Eugene’s consideration are among the best in this film. It looks adorable when the juvenile young lady, helped by her companion, attempts to get to know a more seasoned man. And afterward their first influenced try of affection making, their satisfaction of a basically fundamental love and afterward the pressures of possessiveness and weariness that this satisfaction brings.  â â â â â â â â â â As chief, Desmond Davis is an extremely gifted proficient. He was particularly acceptable at making the scenes, where Kate is growing up. He shows how her outward appearance, discourse and disposition change. At the point when she showed up in the city her garments were common. With each scene we witness some outside changes just as within changes. Chief splendidly shows the change of her character. Straightforward common innocent young lady develops into a young lady with convoluted sentiments. At the point when she meets Eugene, we certainly know she’s immature (in positive feeling of this word). Her looks express her devotion, love and delicacy to her, so to state, ace. In any case, later the progressions on Kate’s face are recognizable in each scene, when she converses with Eugene. Her flawless grin shows up less and less. Administrator zooms in her look in each and every tickler.  â â â â â â â â â â Kate’s family discovers by a mysterious letter that she has an unsanctioned romance with a wedded man. Her dad comes to Kate’s work and attempts to convince Kate to get back, she shows genuine solidness of her intensions and will not leave Eugene. That is, where she dislike an immature young lady, yet as a genuine lady. In this scene, she is sure and sure of her deeds, despite the fact that she was conflicting with her father’s will and opposing the catholic obligations. We can see how Kate battles within her spirit with every one of these variables and attempts to locate the correct answer.  â â â â â â â â â â After the â€Å"honey moon† period some grating shows up in Kate and Eugene’s relationship. The film was shot in the manner, for the crowd to somewhere down in Kate’s contemplations alongside her and it appears as though they are genuine. Everything around freezes, fades away, when she reviews her home. Executive shows harmony around in minutes like this. Yet, there is reality and everything at long last reaches the end when Eugene’s spouse returns and the couple is compelled to go up against the truth of what is left of their relationship. She leaves him and heads for London.  â â â â â â â â â â This film turned out to be such a triumph chiefly in view of a sly exhibition of Rita Tushingham, the main entertainer. She was so familiar with her outward appearances and everything she might do and signal seemed well and good. It appears that she turned into this unpredictable young lady, loaded with contention, where animosity meets with liberality and childishness with trustworthiness and expectation. This film is brimming with feelings and impressions. That’s what makes it so splendid and brilliant, despite the fact that it is a high contrast picture. Sources: Crowthersley, 1964, http://movies2.nytimes.com/mem/motion pictures/survey Desmond Davis, dir., Girl with green eyes, Lopert Pictures, 1964 Â

Summer Depression Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping

Summer Depression Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping Depression Types Print An Overview of Summer Depression Summer Depression: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping By Sara Lindberg Sara Lindberg, M.Ed., is a freelance writer focusing on mental health, fitness, nutrition, and parenting.   Learn about our editorial policy Sara Lindberg Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 02, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 30, 2020 Verywell / Emily Roberts More in Depression Types Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Childhood Depression Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping View All Back To Top Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is not considered a specific diagnosis in the current DSM-5. It is recognized as a recurrent major depressive disorder within a seasonal pattern specifier, however the term is still commonly applied. This pattern most commonly begins in the fall and continues into the winter months.?? While not as common as fall and winter depression, SAD can also affect people in the late spring into the summer months.   Summer depression, which is also referred to as reverse seasonal affective disorder and formally as major depressive disorder (MDD) with a seasonal pattern, is a form of SAD that flares up during the summertime, and typically returns every year at about the same time and resolves at characteristic times. Symptoms Unlike fall and winter SAD -- which typically presents with low energy, pervasive sadness, daytime tiredness, and decreased activity -- individuals who experience SAD in the summer, often present with the opposite symptoms, according to the Mayo Clinic. The symptoms of summer depression are often the opposite of those associated with fall and winter SAD. For most people with summer depression, symptoms begin in late spring or early summer and end in the fall. Some of the more common symptoms include: IrritabilityAgitationAnxietyRestlessnessWeight lossPoor sleeping and sleeping less (insomnia)Decrease in appetite Causes There have been many theories as to why people experience depression during the summer months. However, the research is limited, and most of the studies reference fall and winter SAD. That said, there are some specific theories that many experts refer to when considering the cause of summer depression. Most notable is exposure to too much sunlight in the summer months which leads to changes in the body’s internal clock or circadian rhythm. When this happens, your melatonin production is lower, and your sleep-wake cycle is thrown off, resulting in disrupted sleep patterns. Other theories that may explain why some people experience seasonal depression in the summer include: Increase in pollen countsHigh temperaturesLonger daysLack of a routine or structureNegative body imageExtreme heatNot enough sleepFeelings of aloneness While both winter and summer seasonal depression can affect anyone, there are certain groups of people where SAD is more common:?? It occurs four times more often in women than in menThe age of onset is estimated to be between 18 and 30 years oldFamily history of other types of mood disorders Factors That Could Increase Your Risk of Depression Diagnosis To be diagnosed with SAD or summer depression, the National Institute of Mental Health says you must meet the full criteria for major depression coinciding with a specific season, in this case, summer. Since this is a recurring seasonal pattern, symptoms must be present for at least the last two years. The guidelines further state that the symptoms experienced during the summer must be much more frequent than any non-seasonal symptoms of depression.   In order to determine if you meet the criteria, practitioners need to ask the right questions to determine if individuals presenting with depression are, in fact, suffering from a seasonal affective disorder. This can only be done by a thorough assessment of the relationship between an individuals’ depressive symptoms, time of year, and history.   Since a diagnosis requires the presence of symptoms for a two-year period, it’s important to note that you will not receive this diagnosis the first time you experience symptoms. ?? What You Need to Know About the DSM-5 Updates on Depression Treatment The presence of a seasonal depressive disorder such as summer depression can be debilitating. Like many other mood disorders, there are actions you can take to lessen the severity of the symptoms associated with summer depression.   Seek professional help. The use of psychotherapy is highly recommended to treat depressive disorders and would likely benefit any individual suffering from summer depression. More specifically, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) says the use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven to be very effective in treating SAD. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy that looks at the important role of thinking in how we feel and what we do. CBT teaches you new ways of thinking, acting, and reacting to situations that worsen the symptoms of summer depression. Medication Antidepressants are a group of drugs commonly prescribed for treating depression that work by increasing levels of a group of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters (primarily serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) which are involved in regulating mood.   The antidepressants approved by the U.S. Food Drug Administration for treating depression include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Also approved are bupropion and mirtazapine, among others. Bupropion, has an FDA indication specifically for the treatment of SAD.?? Most medications take some time before you feel relief from depressive symptoms. Your medical provider may need to adjust dosage or change medications during treatment. Seek Treatment With the 7 Best Online Help Resources for Depression Coping If summer depression is interfering with your daily activities, working with your doctor to develop a treatment plan that involves psychotherapy and/or medication should be the first step. Beyond that, there are lifestyle modifications that may help ease the symptoms and boost your mood.   Participate in regular exercise. Taking part in a regular exercise program that includes physical activities you enjoy may help decrease the symptoms of depression.?? Although any degree of exercise can potentially be helpful, to get the most benefits, aim for 30-60 minutes a day, five days a week, of aerobic and strength training exercises.Observe symptom patterns. If the summer months are bothersome year after year, consider keeping track of any patterns or timelines of when symptoms develop. This information may be helpful when seeking a diagnosis. It also allows you to create a plan for managing the symptoms.  Practice mindfulness meditation and deep breathing. Deep breathing exercises combined with a daily practice of mindfulness meditation can help you become aware of your thoughts, feelings, and body states without reacting to them or believing them to be true. A Word From Verywell Recognizing the seasonal pattern that comes with summer depression can help you find ways to better manage the symptoms. That said, if you’re concerned about your physical or mental health, you may want to consider making an appointment with your doctor to discuss any questions you may have. Being open and honest about how you’re feeling can help relieve some of the stress you may be experiencing. It also helps your doctor make a proper diagnosis. Working together, you can create a treatment plan that addresses your needs. 8 Ways to Improve Your Mood When Living With Depression

The Influence of Mass Media on Youth Culture Essay

The Influence of Mass Media on Youth Culture 1 . . . Introduction What is the mass media? The dictionary tells us that it is: those means of communication that reach and influence large numbers of people. (Collins Pocket English Dictionary, 1981 edition) To many people, however, it is something much more sinister - a monster that seeks to manipulate and control public opinion. A flotilla of highly entertaining novels and films draw upon the idea of a tyrannical government secretly controlling zombie-like citizens, using the mass media as its weapon. Ironically, these conspiracy novels and films themselves are simply another aspect of the media. But perhaps - especially†¦show more content†¦However, before I even begin to obtain any evidence I can hazard a guess as to what the outcome of my investigation will be. Having briefly explored in my introduction the power the media already wielded some sixty years ago, I think that it is inconceivable that any age group - be they young or old - are not at all influenced by the mass media today. For me, the real question is to what extent does the mass media influence youth culture. The digital revolution has produced a new form of media that only a few decades ago was unheard of - the Internet - as well as providing hundreds of extra television channels. Therefore, as the media physically reaches more and more people in an increasing variety of guises, so too, inevitably, will its influence over our lives. I believe that the results of my study will reflect this and all my views on the subject. 3 . . . Methodology In order to answer the question Does the mass media influence youth culture? it is necessary for me to conduct a series of surveys concerning the mass media within the culture I am studying, to gather evidence that is vital for me to prove - or indeed disprove - my hypotheses. There are, essentially, three different ways in which I as a sociologist could gather the required information. In this section I will individually look at each of these methods in turn and weigh out their advantages against theirShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Mass Media On Youth And Society1378 Words   |  6 PagesThe Impact of Mass Media on the Youth and Society Nowadays, the issue of mass media has caused much debate in the modern society, as well as mass media is becoming more important as a component that negatively affects the behavior of young people. 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List of Elements Belonging to the Basic Metals Group

There are several element groups on the periodic table of the elements that are considered metals. This is a list of elements that are basic metals. Element 13 - AluminumElement 31 - GalliumElement 49 - IndiumElement 50 - TinElement 81 - ThalliumElement 82 - LeadElement 83 - BismuthElement 113 - Ununtrium - will probably be a basic metal.Element 114 - Flerovium - will probably be a basic metal.Element 115 - Ununpentium - will probably be a basic metal.Element 116 - Livermorium - will probably be a basic metal.

An Overview of Sexual Harassment Free Essays

Sexual harassment is one of the biggest problems facing our schools and businesses today. A week rarely goes by without a reminder of the pervasiveness of sexual harassment as a social problem. Sexual harassment is a growing problem in the government agencies, schools, and the corporations of the world; however, many corporations are now adopting new anti-harassment policies. We will write a custom essay sample on An Overview of Sexual Harassment or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Conta) The definition of sexual harassment is any unwanted or inappropriate sexual attention. That includes touching, looks, comments, or gestures. A key part of sexual harassment is that it is one sided and unwanted. There is a great difference between sexual arassment and romance or friendship, since those are mutual feelings of two people. Often sexual harassment makes the victim feel guilty, but it is important for the victim to remember that it is not their fault, the fault lies totally on the person who is the harasser. Many times fear is involved in sexual harassment because it isn’t about physical attraction, it’s about power. In fact, many sexual harassment incidents take place when one person is in a position of power over the other; or when a woman has an untraditional job such as a police officer, factory worker, business executive, or ny other traditionally male job. Typical victims of harassment are young, single, college-educated, members of a minority racial or ethnic group (if male), in a trainee position (or office/ clerical positions if male), or have an immediate supervisor of the opposite Presently, it is hard for courts and others to decide when sexual harassment has taken place because the definition of sexual harassment is much too broad. Clearing up the legal definition of sexual harassment would discourage and punish harassers and bring comfort to the victims. Here are some points to remember in deciding hen sexual harassment takes place: Sexual harassment is one-sided and * It is about power and not attraction. * Subtle sexual behavior is sometimes socially acceptable, but some would consider it offensive and want it stopped. * Moderate sexual behavior is not socially acceptable, reasonable * Severe sexual behavior is never acceptable. (Swisher 28) Sexual harassment is a major problem in public schools, colleges, and universities. Surveys on college campuses show the number of respondents reporting to have been sexually harassed ranging from 40-70 percent. Only two percent of campus harassment ases involve a professor demanding sex in return for a good grade. Most cases involve male and female students. In public schools current sexual harassment definitions are inappropriate, since bad sexual behavior of today’s children isn’t sexual harassment, but it is a reflection of the vulgar, violent, and the sexually explicit nature of our media and culture. When little six-year-old children get suspended from school for kissing girls on the cheek, it is not an example of sexual harassment but of political Sexual harassment is still a big problem in schools and every school district in Washington now has an antiharassment policy. Junior high or middle school has the biggest problem with sexual harassment mainly because of their immaturity and out-of-control hormones†. Says Viki Simmons of the YWCA. â€Å"Many times in high school, students don’t think anything about it when harassment happens, but schools are now cracking down on it†. Simmons interview) In the business world employers are now on notice that sexual harassment will no longer be tolerated in the workplace. Claims brought against alleged harassers include wrongful termination, invasion of privacy, violation of due process and free speech rights, efamation, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Sexual harassment usually happens to women in low-paying jobs, or women that have to have a job in order to support themselves and children. If sexual harassment happens at work, write down a detailed description of what took place, so that it is well recorded and you don’t have to think back to the incident. You should keep a note pad handy for this purpose, or write it on a napkin to help you * What actually took place and what the offender said Another way to do this is to write a letter to the harasser. Be sure to keep a copy. Tell the person clearly in the letter that his behavior toward you is unwanted. Tell the person that he will be reported if the behavior doesn’t stop (Kolbert). According to the research group Catalyst, recent studies have found that 40 percent to 60 percent of woman say they have been harassed sometime in their Employers have a duty to investigate allegations of sexual harassment, and their employees have a legitimate interest in knowing what activities could result in their termination. Ever clearer definitions of sexual harassment are being implemented by more and more corporations around the country. As this happens, an increasing number of companies are searching for new ways of protecting themselves against allegations, adopting their own anti- harassment policies to combat this growing problem. CEO’s should do a variety of things to stop sexual harassment in the work place. The most important thing is senior management makes it clear to workers that harassment in any form won’t be tolerated. If top managers don’ take the issues seriously, employees won’t either. Managers must also understand they are responsible for their Companies need an explicit written policy on sexual arassment that is widely available in the workplace. Most consultants advise companies to do more than just post the policy on bulletin boards. They should distribute it company wide, repeatedly. Copies should be included in new employee orientation packets. Employees should have clear definitions of what sexual harassment is Many companies are now offering employee training sessions on sexual harassment, and many say that follow up training is a good idea. Training programs should include all employees, rather than just managers. The tone should be gender neutral and avoid heavy iscussions on male harassment that might cause some resentment among the male employees. Many times programs aren’t effective because they spend a lot of time just attacking men and not the crime. Companies need a good system to deal with complaints. A clear process for handling complaints shows that a company takes them seriously. Until 1991 it was harder for woman to make allegations of sexual harassment, since woman felt like there was nothing that they could do about it. But the highly publicized hearings of Clarence Thomas and Anita Hill in 1991 changed everything. During the fall of 1991, the subject of sexual harassment rabbed news headlines. Everyone began discussing this issue and emotions ran high. Judge Clarence Thomas was nominated to be a Supreme Court Justice, which is America’s highest court, and Supreme Court Justices have their jobs for life. They cannot be fired. Before a person can be made a Justice, he or she must be questioned and Judge Thomas was ounce the head of a U. S. agency called the EEOC. The EEOC makes sure everyone is treated fairly when applying for a job. It also enforces laws against sexual harassment. Anita Hill is a law professor who worked with Judge Thomas at the EEOC many years ago. A few weeks into the Congressional Questioning she came forward and accused Thomas of sexual harassment. She claimed that he used to constantly ask her for dates and spoke to her about pornographic films he had seen. Anita Hill said that she was deeply offended by these remarks but felt that she could not complain. Clarence Thomas was her boss, and she thought that her career could be Anita Hill was a very believable witness. But Judge Thomas denied her charges in the strongest possible terms. Who was telling the truth? The country was divided. But the issue was being discussed everywhere. Women from all across the nation told of their experiences with sexual harassment. And many men admitted being Finally, the senate voted to approve Judge Thomas. But the vote was close. Many senators had doubts about Thomas’s character. Others did not the, Thomas’s career should be destroyed because of one person’s story. They said there was not enough evidence to prove there was wrongdoing. In the end, everyone agreed that sexual harassment is a serious problem everyone must become more sensitive It’s important to know that men have trouble too. Women are not the only victims of sexual harassment. More and more men are being harassed in the workplace, classrooms, and locker rooms. Whoever is in the position of power tends to be the harasser. Men can be victims of both woman and other men Sexual harassment is very wide spread, but there are ways of avoiding it, such as: Keeping everything strictly on a business level. If working in the same room as the harasser, create a barrier between the two work stations with a desk or file cabinet, etc. Do not ask for personal favors or special treatment from the harasser so that he won’t feel he is owed anything. Do not talk about anything personal. How to cite An Overview of Sexual Harassment, Essay examples

Activism and Change for New South Wales Prison in Australia

Question: Discuss about theActivism and Change for New South Wales Prison in Australia. Answer: History The proportion of the assaults in overcrowded New South Wales has soared up to 37 percent. Between the 20th and 21st centuries, the imprisonment rate in NSW rose by 20 percent. In 2008, the capital expenditure and net recurrent on the Australian prisons were noted exceeding over $2.6 billion per year (Butler Kariminia, 2010, p. 19). The strategies to reduce imprisonment was not being successful. In the same time, the rate of indigenous imprisonment rose by percentage of 41. More than 27,000 people were held in the prison where it could cost the prison $200 daily to keep that particular person in the prison. Back two decades, Territory governments and the states have come up with alternatives in prisoning the criminals. This assisted in curbing the growth of the numbers in the prisons as well as correctional outlays. It is evidenced that these sprouting alternatives are effective in reducing imprisonment which is quite costly. Contemporary Standing of the Issue. Due to the current developments in Australia, the rate of crime has reduced. The political shift has contributed to escalating rates of imprisonment and introduction of justice in criminal strategy in reliance on crime response (Preen, 2011, p. 66).In the NSW there was the introduction of justice reinvestment. The movement is gaining a lot of traction in Australia. Justice reinvestment is concerned with the advancement of fiscally-sound, the criminal justice and data-driven policies in breaking the recidivism, make the safety of the communities and avert the prison's expenditure (Krieg, 2007, p. 532). The aim of the strategy is to quantify subsequent reinvestments and savings in the high-stakes of the neighborhoods in which majority of the people who are released from the jails and the prisons return. For example; abandoned housing, redeveloping and the better coordinating of services which include; treatment of the mental health, substance abuse, education and job training. In Austr alia, the justice reinvestments strategies have started to gain political traction in the aid of pressure-groups work; for instance, Sydney-based Crime and the Justice Reform Committees (CJRC) which was established by Hal Sperling QC, the retired judge of the Supreme Court in NSW. Eventually, the dominant factors of reducing the rate of property crime appeared to be justice reinvestment, reduction of heroin use, managing the long terms unemployment and the rising of weekly earnings. Ways of reducing the prison population through some stakeholders. Due to the rapidly increasing population in the NSW prisons, the stakeholders came up with some ways to reduce this population growth in the prisons. Some of the ways to reduce Aboriginal incarceration rate include; The community empowerment. Empowering the communities was one of the best ways of reducing the Aboriginal rates(Baldwin Leete, 2012). The empowerment will make the people not to engage in offensive behaviors to meet their needs. Provision of loans to the Aboriginal people made it possible to reduce the crime rates which in turn reduce the populations in the prisons. Leadership and Employment. Aboriginal leadership and Employment are crucial ways for successful reduction of the population in the NSW prisons(Butler Kariminia, 2010). There was a strong Aboriginal women group who held a position on the committees who worked as liaison officers. They dealt with the offenders when the police officers were not around. The youths were trained in horticulture and tourism jobs. These programs assist in reducing the domestic violence rates. Recreational programs. When the population of the young offenders was noticed being high in the prisons, the government introduce some passages of their mentoring program and imaginations which include, sport, IT and music. In NSW, the prisoners were given a chance to go for boxing training 3 times weekly(Krieg, 2007). The trainers were mentoring these young people because they were elder. This changed the attitudes of the offenders and could not engage in crime because they feared being jailed. Healing Programs. The Australian state copied Canadian model known as healing lodges. The lodges are set according to the Aboriginal culture where the Aboriginal staff was the majority(Maplestone, 2006). In the healing lodges, there was a therapeutic treatment which assisted the residents to overcome the driving force to offending. There were also programs for spiritual healing. The spiritual programs assisted the offenders by drawing attention to the Aboriginal ancestors who could bring the connections with the land, culture, and family leading to population reduction in the prisons. National Reform. To achieve the national agenda reform, the government propose some reforms which will move the mere concept of justice reinvestment leading to the measurable and tangible national reforms agenda. For the government to succeed, it established sites for local implementation (Weatherburn Corben, 2009, p. 6). The government has set some goals which would help in creating justice in the NSW. Goal 1. Improvement of all the Australian systems of justice in order to deliver justice needs comprehensively of the Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal people in a very equitable and fair manner. Goal 2. Reduction of Torres Straits Islander and Aboriginal offenders, victims, and defenders in the systems of criminal justice. Goal 3. Making sure that the people feel safe in the places of residence. Goal 4. Safety increment and offending reduction within the indigenous communities through addressing of alcohol and the substance abuse. Corrective Services in NSW The NSW correction systems contain two main components. There are about 13,000 inmates on prison side (Hew Simba, 2013, p. 20). There are around 60 offices on community side and around the estate. The aim was to supervise the offenders in the community serving the court orders from the community services orders to parole. Its main goal is the preservation of the communitys safety through keeping the inmates secure, reducing reoffending and supervision of the communitys offenders. The corrective Services' need is the provision of education to the inmates, vocational training and coming up with programs of addressing the behavior offending (Kilroy, 2016, p. 8). Corrections system has undergone a significant change because there are government investments over extra programs and dozen current prisons in reducing reoffending and raising standards. The ethical and ideological dimensions underpinning each stakeholders position There are complex needs for women prisoners. The women's needs are vulnerable and complex in high population prisons. The complex connections between the economic, social, gathered issues and health are brought to greater focus during the process of looking disadvantaged group, for instance, Aboriginal women (Maplestone, 2006, p. 10). Indigenous women are making a high population percentage in the NWS imprisoned women. Some qualitative studies were conducted to learn the needs and experiences of the indigenous women are involved in the criminal justice systems. It was thought that the indigenous women are overrepresented because of the over policing in the Aboriginal community. Walker, when he was elected as the attorney general he decriminalized begging, public drunkenness, prostitution offenses and vagrancy which raised the legal threshold in obvious public offenses (Osborn, 2013, p. 36). The public offenses include; offensive behavior and language, abolished the imprisonment for the fine default as well as the bail laws reformation. The sentence lengths were reduced by the license release systems. There was the conviction of corruption in the imprisonment in the conjunction of the scheme. Due to lack of transparency in the prisons, the National Reform found it challenging in controlling the criminal offenses in the NSW prisons. Evidence-based recommendations by the Government The Government has set recommendations in advancing the justice issues in the prisons. The government has come up with the establishment of; Rehabilitation centers: It is an essential element of providing safety in the community in delivering an effective response in promoting rehabilitation and reducing reoffending. It has been a key consideration for framing the deliberations of the panel in its reviews of availability of rehabilitation evidence in the current practice. One of the ways to safeguard a community is by imprisoning the offenders. The community as well can be protected by minimizing offensive likelihood after the release. Individual Risk. The protective factors when emphasized can help in reducing the population in the prisons. The individual risk involves one avoiding such experiences which trigger in committing a crime. These factors include; peers, family ties, life experiences and the community environment. Risk factors may include; criminal behavior, family breakdown, living conditions and poor health. The government has emphasized more on meeting the basic needs and self-actualization. Reoffending Pathways. It was realized that by the government that offending it is not criminal and legal justice problem, offending is also a social problem which has effects and social causes (Vienna, 2014, p. 124). There are some social factors that contribute to the likelihood of criminal behavior. International research has shown that there are strong links between social factors, individual and predisposition in reoffending. The government has come up with workshops which help in reorganizing ones behavior and ceasing the injustice ways. References Baldwin, J., Leete, J. (2012). the challenge of an aging prison population. Behind bars, 1, 16-20. Butler, T., Kariminia, A. (2010). Perspectives and epidemiology. Prison violence, 17, 17-20. Hew, R., Simba, T. (2013). Barriers to Parole for Aboriginal and Torres Strait. Prisoners' legal service, 10, 1-26. Kilroy, D. (2016). Women in Prison in Australia. Current Issues in Sentencing, 2, 1-12. Krieg, A. S. (2007). health and social impacts. Aboriginal incarceration, 184, 534-536. Maplestone, P. (2006). Ex-Prisoners, Homelessness and the State in Australia. Prison, 39, 1-14. Osborn, M. (2013). New South Wales, Australia. Oral health status of prison inmates, 40, 34-38. Preen, D. B. (2011). estimating the number of deaths among. Counting the cost:, 195, 64-68. Vienna. (2014). Women and Imprisonment. UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION. Weatherburn, D., Corben, S. (2009). Crime and Justice, 138, 1-12